Transposable elements, and retroviral-like elements in particular, are a rich potential source of genetic variation within a host's genome. Many mutations of endogenous genes in phylogenetically diverse organisms are due to insertion of elements that affect gene expression by altering the normal pat
LINE-1 retrotransposons: Modulators of quantity and quality of mammalian gene expression?
β Scribed by Jeffrey S. Han; Jef D. Boeke
- Publisher
- John Wiley and Sons
- Year
- 2005
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 338 KB
- Volume
- 27
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0265-9247
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
β¦ Synopsis
LINE-1 (L1) retrotransposons are replicating repetitive elements that, by mass, are the most-abundant sequences in the human genome. Over one-third of mammalian genomes are the result, directly or indirectly, of L1 retrotransposition. L1 encodes two proteins: ORF1, an RNA-binding protein, and ORF2, an endonuclease/reverse transcriptase. Both proteins are required for L1 mobilization. Apart from the obvious function of self-replication, it is not clear what other roles, if any, L1 plays within its host. The sheer magnitude of L1 sequences in our genome has fueled speculation that over evolutionary time L1 insertions may structurally modify endogenous genes and regulate gene expression. Here we provide a review of L1 replication and its potential functional consequences.
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