LED Lighting for Urban Agriculture

✍ Scribed by Toyoki Kozai, Kazuhiro Fujiwara, Erik S. Runkle (eds.)

• Publisher: Springer Singapore
• Year: 2016
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 435
• Edition: 1
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

This book focuses on light-emitting diode (LED) lighting, mainly for the commercial production of horticultural crops in plant factories and greenhouses with controlled environments, giving special attention to: 1) plant growth and development as affected by the light environment; and 2) business and technological opportunities and challenges with regard to LEDs. The book contains more than 30 chapters grouped into seven parts: 1) overview of controlled-environment agriculture and its significance; 2) the effects of ambient light on plant growth and development; 3) optical and physiological characteristics of plant leaves and canopies; 4) greenhouse crop production with supplemental LED lighting; 5) effects of light quality on plant physiology and morphology; 6) current status of commercial plant factories under LED lighting; and 7) basics of LEDs and LED lighting for plant cultivation.

LED lighting for urban agriculture in the forthcoming decades will not be just an advanced form of current urban agriculture. It will be largely based on two fields: One is a new paradigm and rapidly advancing concepts, global technologies for LEDs, information and communication technology, renewable energy, and related expertise and their methodologies; the other is basic science and technology that should not change for the next several decades. Consideration should be given now to future urban agriculture based on those two fields.

The tremendous potentials of LED lighting for urban agriculture are stimulating many people in various fields including researchers, businesspeople, policy makers, educators, students, community developers, architects, designers, and entrepreneurs. Readers of this book will understand the principle, concept, design, operation, social roles, pros and cons, costs and benefits of LED lighting for urban agriculture, and its possibilities and challenges for solving local as well as global agricultural, environmental, and social issues.

✦ Table of Contents

Front Matter....Pages i-x
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
Why LED Lighting for Urban Agriculture?....Pages 3-18
Integrated Urban Controlled Environment Agriculture Systems....Pages 19-36
Open-Source Agriculture Initiative—Food for the Future?....Pages 37-46
Front Matter....Pages 47-47
Some Aspects of the Light Environment....Pages 49-55
Light Acts as a Signal for Regulation of Growth and Development....Pages 57-73
Factors Affecting Flowering Seasonality....Pages 75-89
Light Environment in the Cultivation Space of Plant Factory with LEDs....Pages 91-109
Front Matter....Pages 111-111
Optical and Physiological Properties of a Leaf....Pages 113-123
Optical and Physiological Properties of a Plant Canopy....Pages 125-135
Evaluation of Spatial Light Environment and Plant Canopy Structure....Pages 137-149
Lighting Efficiency in Plant Production Under Artificial Lighting and Plant Growth Modeling for Evaluating the Lighting Efficiency....Pages 151-161
Effects of Physical Environment on Photosynthesis, Respiration, and Transpiration....Pages 163-175
Air Current Around Single Leaves and Plant Canopies and Its Effect on Transpiration, Photosynthesis, and Plant Organ Temperatures....Pages 177-187
Front Matter....Pages 189-189
Control of Flowering Using Night-Interruption and Day-Extension LED Lighting....Pages 191-201
Control of Morphology by Manipulating Light Quality and Daily Light Integral Using LEDs....Pages 203-217
Supplemental Lighting for Greenhouse-Grown Fruiting Vegetables....Pages 219-232
Recent Developments in Plant Lighting....Pages 233-236
Front Matter....Pages 237-237
Effect of Light Quality on Secondary Metabolite Production in Leafy Greens and Seedlings....Pages 239-260
Induction of Plant Disease Resistance and Other Physiological Responses by Green Light Illumination....Pages 261-273
Light Quality Effects on Intumescence (Oedema) on Plant Leaves....Pages 275-286
Front Matter....Pages 287-287
Business Models for Plant Factory With Artificial Lighting (PFAL) in Taiwan....Pages 289-293
Current Status of Commercial Plant Factories with LED Lighting Market in Asia, Europe, and Other Regions....Pages 295-308
Current Status of Commercial Vertical Farms with LED Lighting Market in North America....Pages 309-315
Global LED Lighting Players, Economic Analysis, and Market Creation for PFALs....Pages 317-345
Consumer Perception and Understanding of Vegetables Produced at Plant Factories with Artificial Lighting....Pages 347-363
Front Matter....Pages 365-365
Radiometric, Photometric and Photonmetric Quantities and Their Units....Pages 367-376
Basics of LEDs for Plant Cultivation....Pages 377-393
Measurement of Photonmetric and Radiometric Characteristics of LEDs for Plant Cultivation....Pages 395-402
Configuration, Function, and Operation of LED Lighting Systems....Pages 403-415
Energy Balance and Energy Conversion Process of LEDs and LED Lighting Systems....Pages 417-427
Health Effects of Occupational Exposure to LED Light: A Special Reference to Plant Cultivation Works in Plant Factories....Pages 429-443
Moving Toward Self-Learning Closed Plant Production Systems....Pages 445-448
Back Matter....Pages 449-454

✦ Subjects

Agriculture;Plant Physiology;Classical Electrodynamics;Food Science