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Latent state–trait theory and research in personality and individual differences

✍ Scribed by Rolf Steyer; Manfred Schmitt; Michael Eid

Publisher
John Wiley and Sons
Year
1999
Tongue
English
Weight
197 KB
Volume
13
Category
Article
ISSN
0890-2070

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✦ Synopsis

Latent state±trait (LST) theory is a generalization of classical test theory designed to take account of the fact that psychological measurement does not take place in a situational vacuum. The basic concepts of latent state±trait theory (LST theory) are introduced. The core of LST theory consists of two decompositions: (a) the decomposition of any observed score into latent state and measurement error, and (b) the decomposition of any latent state into latent trait and latent state residual representing situational and/or interaction eects. Latent states and latent traits are de®ned as special conditional expectations. A score on a latent state variable is de®ned as the expectation of an observable variable Y ik given a person in a situation whereas a score on a latent trait variable is the expectation of Y ik given a person. The theory also comprises the de®nition of consistency, occasion speci®city, reliability, and stability coecients. An overview of dierent models of LST theory is given. It is shown how dierent research questions of personality psychology can be and have been analysed within the LST framework and why research in personality and individual dierences can pro®t from LST theory and methodology.

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