Noninvasive techniques that provide detailed information about molecular composition, structure, and interactions are crucial to further our understanding of the relation between skin disease and biochemical changes in the skin, as well as for the development of penetration enhancers for transdermal
In vivo phosphorus spectroscopy of human skin
β Scribed by Daryl E. Bohning; Alexander C. Wright; Kenneth M. Spicer
- Publisher
- John Wiley and Sons
- Year
- 1996
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 811 KB
- Volume
- 35
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0740-3194
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
β¦ Synopsis
Abstract
Skin ^31^P MRS measurements might detect metabolic damage from irradiation, chemotherapy, or ischemia. Although rat and cadaver data have demonstrated this potential (C. D. Cuono, et al., Wast Reconstr. Surg. 81,1β11 (1988), H. W. Klein, et al., Ann. Plast Surg. 20, 547β551 (1988)), few studies of in vivo phosphorus human skin spectra have been published (A. Zemtsov, et al., J. Dermatol. Surg. Oncol. 15, 1207β1211 (1989), A Zemtsov, et al., J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 30, 959β965 (1994)), and those likely reflect underlying muscle as much as skin. To separate ^31^P skin and muscle spectra, we have developed a unique twoβlayer βflotationβ phantom for mapping coil sensitivity and an associated semiempirical twoβpower RF depthβresolved technique. Phantom and method have been applied in a study of 17 normal volunteers to obtain human in vivo ^31^P skin spectra uncompromised by muscle contamination and to quantitate ratios of major phosphometabolites. Skin results consistently showed low ratios of phosphocreatine (PCr) to adenosine triphosphate (ATP), high levels of phosphomonoester (PME), P~i~, and phosphodiester (PDE) relative to PCr, and demonstrated a shift in pH toward greater alkalinity, compared to that with simultaneous muscle results.
π SIMILAR VOLUMES
## Abstract A modified crossover surface coil with minimal B~1~ field penetration was used for collection of skin phosphorus NMR spectra. Projection imaging experiments show that the coilsensitive volume is uniform at the phosphorus frequency, but strikingly nonuniform at s the proton frequency. Ex
## Abstract The requirements for imaging the skin are dictated by the organ's layered structure, which extends only a few millimeters from the surface and thus demands extremely high resolution in this direction. While less critical, resolution in the remaining two dimensions determines whether the