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Imaging of urea using chemical exchange-dependent saturation transfer at 1.5T

✍ Scribed by Azar P. Dagher; Anthony Aletras; Peter Choyke; Robert S. Balaban

Publisher
John Wiley and Sons
Year
2000
Tongue
English
Weight
181 KB
Volume
12
Category
Article
ISSN
1053-1807

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✦ Synopsis

The purpose of this study was to screen for slow proton chemical exchange between water and kidney metabolites using a standard clinical 1.5-T scanner. Imaging was performed using a fast spin-echo sequence with a magnetization transfer (MT) preparation pulse train. Offresonance saturation ranging from ؎50 to ؎1000 Hz was used on urea and urine phantoms and normal human subjects imaged through the kidneys. The positive frequency was used as the control for each frequency pair. Results of frequency sweeps show an asymmetric MT effect peaking at approximately 100 Hz (ϳ ϳ1 ppm) for urea, urine, and renal parenchyma. Varying differences (5%-25%) occurred with different human subjects. Few differences were observed from phantom water or subject muscle tissue. Chemical exchange is detectable in the kidney near 1 ppm at 1.5 T, attributable to urea. This technique was used to produce in vivo distribution maps of this metabolite in vivo.

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