Human Factors in Simulation and Training. Application and Practice

✍ Scribed by Dennis Vincenzi, Mustapha Mouloua, P. A. Hancock, James A. Pharmer, James C. Ferraro

• Publisher: CRC Press
• Year: 2024
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 363
• Edition: 2
• Category: Library

✦ Table of Contents

Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
Preface
Editors
Contributors
Chapter 1 Controls and Displays for Aviation Research Simulation: A Historical Review
Disclaimer
Introduction
Fixed-Based Simulators
Integrated Information Presentation and Control System Study (IIPACSS) Simulator, Boeing, Seattle, WA
Display Technology
Control Technology
Representative Research
Impact
Digital Synthesis (DIGISYN) Simulator
Display Technology
Control Technology
Representative Research
Impact
Microprocessor Applications for Graphics and Interactive Communication (MAGIC) Simulator
Display Technology
Control Technology
Representative Research
Impact
Panoramic Cockpit Control and Display System (PCCADS) Simulator
Display Technology
Control Technology
Representative Research
Impact
Helmet-Mounted Oculometer Facility (HMOF) Simulator
Display Technology
Control Technology
Eye and Head Monitor
Representative Research
Impact
Synthetic Interface Research for UAV Systems (SIRUS) Simulator
Display Technology
Control Technology
Representative Research
Impact
Vigilant Spirit Control Station (VSCS) Simulator
Display Technology
Controls Technology
Representative Research
Sense and Avoid (SAA) Display Symbology Evaluation
Cyber Threat Information Requirements Investigation for UAV Crews
Impact
Intelligent Multi-Unmanned Vehicle Planner with Adaptive Collaborative/Control Technologies (IMPACT) Simulator
Display Technology
Control Technology
Representative Research
Impact
Motion-Based Simulators
Dynamic Environmental Simulator (DES)
Display Technology
Control Technology
Representative Research
Impact
Disorientation Research Device
Display Technology
Control Technology
Representative Research
Impact
In-Flight Simulators
NASA’s OV-10
Representative Research
Impact
Total In-Flight Simulator (TIFS) NC-131H Transport Aircraft
Representative Research
Impact
Variable In-Flight Stability Test Aircraft (VISTA) Lockheed NF-16D Fighter Aircraft
Representative Research
Impact
University of Iowa Operator Performance Laboratory Aero L-29 Delfin Jet
Representative Research
Impact
Multisensory Displays and Controls
Displays and Controls to Support Human–Machine Teaming
Summary
Acknowledgment
References
Acronyms/Abbreviations
Chapter 2 Augmented Reality as a Means of Job Task Training in Aviation
Augmented Reality (AR)
Historical Overview: AR and Training
Cognition and AR
Elaboration and Recall
Spatial Relations
Memory Channels and AR
Knowledge Development and Training Transfer
What Is the Future of Job Training – Training on the Job Literally?
Conclusion
References
Chapter 3 Civil Aviation: Flight Simulators and Training
Introduction
An Overview of Civil Aviation Training, Flight Simulators, and the Human Factors Therein
Introduction
Flight Simulator Basics
Human Factors and Flight Simulators
Major Drivers in Civil Aviation Pilot/Crew Training
Flight Simulators and Flight Training Devices
Overview
Flight Simulators and Training
Flight Training Devices and Training
Flight Simulator and FTD Assessment
SFAR 58, AND AQP
History
SFAR/AQP: Overview and Synopsis
SFAR 58
AQP, LOS/LOFT, and Simulators
Line-Oriented Flight Training (LOFT)
Background
Maximizing LOFT: The Mission Performance Model and the Operational Decision-Making Paradigm
LOFT: Current and Future
Risk Identification and Management: Training and Evaluation with MPM and ODM Paradigm
Mission Performance Model
From CRM/MPM to ODM
Operational Risk Management and Decision-Making
Optimizing Performance during Complex Operations
Introduction
The Overall Mission Continuation Decision
Determining Risk
Operational Envelope
The Unstable, Missed Approach Decision
Bayesian Probability
Problem-Solving under Conditions of Uncertainty
The Takeoff “Go/No-Go” Decision
Unexpected Operational Difficulties
Optimizing the Decision Function
Operational Analysis of the Takeoff Decision
Conclusion
ODM and MPM in LOFT Design, Development, and Evaluation
Introduction
LOF: DOM and MRM
LOFT Design: Another Approach
Training
References
Federal Aviation Administration Advisory Circulars (Ac) and Regulations
Chapter 4 Integrating Effective Training and Research Objectives: Lessons from the Black Skies Series of Exercises
Introduction
The Black Skies Exercises
Outcomes for Military Operators
Performance Benefits and Transfer
Auxiliary Benefits
Research on Team Coordination Dynamics
Communication Dynamics
Physiological Dynamics
Combining Communication with Physiological Data
Operator Acceptance of Physiological Monitoring
Evaluation of Training Capability
Summary and Conclusion
Acknowledgements and Dedication
References
Chapter 5 Extended Reality in Training Environments: A Human Factors Trend Analysis
Background
Methodological Approach
Results
Study Designs over Time
Simulation Domains over Time
Simulation Cluster Areas over Time
Military Simulation
Aerospace Simulation
Driving Simulation
Healthcare Simulation
Manufacturing Simulation
Entertainment Simulation
Simulation Methods and Design
General Simulation Areas
Military Cluster Areas over Time
Author Affiliations over Time
Military Author Affiliations over Time
Funding Agencies over Time
Military and Government Funding over Time
XR System Types over Time
XR Systems’ Breakdown over Time
Physiological Recording Systems over Time
Conclusions
Major Conclusions and Recommendations
References
Chapter 6 Mitigation of Motion Sickness Symptoms by Adaptive Perceptual Learning: Implications for Space and Cyber Environments
Motion Symptoms
Mitigation
Individual Differences in Adaptation
The Long-Term Retention, Conditioning, and Transfer of Adaptation
Long-Lasting Adaptation
Generalizability
Adaptive Perceptual Learning (APL) Training
Pre-Adaptation on VR
Pre-Adaptation on Vection Drum
Pre-Adaptation on VIMS
Conclusion
Acknowledgments
In Honorem
References
Chapter 7 Decision-Making under Crisis Conditions: A Training and Simulation Perspective
Introduction
Effects of Time Stress and Uncertainty on Decision-Making
Other Effects on Human Decision Makers under Crisis Conditions
Decision-Making Theories
Decision-Making Performance Measures
Crisis Decision-Making Training
General and Stress Training
Simulation
Microworld
Conclusion
References
Chapter 8 Healthcare Simulation and Training
Introduction
Benefits of Simulation in Healthcare
Drawbacks of Simulation in Healthcare
Dimensions of Simulation
History of Medical Simulation
Mannequins
Virtual Reality Systems
Surgical Systems
Collaborative and Immersive Training Systems
Standardized Patients
Hybrid Systems
Training
Team Training
Benefits
History and Scope of Team Training in Healthcare
Training Transfer
Healthcare Simulation and the Pandemic
Conclusion
References
Chapter 9 Best Practices in Surgical Simulation
Introduction
Current Technologies Used in Surgical Simulation for Skills Training
Technical Skills Simulation
Low-Cost Simulators
High-Cost Simulators
Nontechnical Skills Simulation
The Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE)
Team-Based Training
Application of Simulation across the Continuum of Surgical Training
Undergraduate Medical Education
Graduate Medical Education
Postgraduate Training of Practicing Surgeons
Human Factors and Surgical Simulation
Equipment Design and Ergonomics
Performance Optimization
Mental Skills Optimization and Coaching
Developing Expertise
Surgical Team Dynamics
Utilizing Simulation to Minimize Subjectivity in Assessment
Future of Simulation and Human Factors in Surgery
Conclusion
References
Chapter 10 Healthcare Simulation Methods: A Multifaceted Approach
Introduction
What is Healthcare Simulation?
Concepts in Healthcare Simulation
Simulation Fidelity
Psychological Safety
Locations and Modes of Healthcare Simulation
Applications of Healthcare Simulation
Simulation for Practice and Learning
Simulations with Reflective Debriefing
Rapid Cycle Deliberate Practice
Mastery Learning
Just-in-Time Training
Choice of Training Type
Simulation for Evaluation and Testing
Systems Testing
Conclusion and Future Directions
References
Chapter 11 Design and Development of Algorithms for Gesture-Based Control of Semi-Autonomous Vehicles
Introduction
Background
Gestures and Gesture Capture Technology
Cognitive Loading Considerations
Approach, Implementation, and Results
Approach
Developing Proper Training System Familiarization as a Prelude to Training
Implementation and Results: Phase 1
Gestures and LMC Measurements
Virtual Environment Development
User Testing
Algorithm Redesign
Implementation and Results: Phase 2
Physical Demonstration Setup
User Testing
Summary and Conclusions
References
Chapter 12 The Influence of New Realities: How Virtual, Augmented, and Mixed Reality Advance Training Methods in Aviation
Introduction
Virtual, Mixed, and Augmented Reality as We See It … or Don’t
The Growth of Technology in Aviation Training
Use of AR, MR, and VR in the Aviation Field
The Shortage and the Future
Benefits, Drawbacks, and Resolutions
Conclusion
References
Chapter 13 Training, Stress, Time Pressure, and Surprise: An Accident Case Study
Introduction and Background
Training and System Design
An Accident Case Study: Colgan Air Flight 3407
Why Didn’t Previous Training Prevent This Accident?
Opportunities for Better Outcomes
Training: A Countermeasure for Responding to Startle and Surprise
Automation Design: Keeping the Human in the Loop Where Feasible
Highlighting the Lessons Learned
References
Index