Asymmetric differentiation between two identical carbonyl groups of prochiral s-symmetric dicarboxylic acid derivatives by using an enzymatic or a nonenzymatic procedure is a rational and useful strategy for the asymmetric synthesis of biologically active compounds and medicines. The resultant chiral products can be subjected to further so-called "enantioconvergent" and "enantiodivergent" transformations on the basis of latent s symmetry. [1] Previously, we disclosed remarkable nonenzymatic asymmetric induction methods for various prochiral s-symmetric dicarboxylic acid derivatives based on highly diastereoselective aminolysis and Dieckmann-type cyclizations using functional heterocycles, such as the C4-chiral 1,3-thiazolidine-2-thiones. [2] Recent efforts in this field have been directed towards the development of methods for the catalytic desymmetrization of prochiral cyclic dicarboxylic anhydrides, such as enantioselective ring opening with methanol and carbon nucleophiles in the presence of a catalytic amount of chiral reagents. [3] We have focused on the development of simple and versatile chiral sulfonamides that are available for various catalytic asymmetric reactions. Very recently, Wang et al. reported highly enantioselective Michael addition reactions catalyzed by a chiral pyrrolidine sulfonamide [4] and Ishihara et al. disclosed an attractive method for the kinetic resolution of racemic alcohols that utilized an lhistidine sulfonamide derivative. [5] Ikariya and co-workers also carried out catalytic enantioselective Michael addition reactions that employed chiral Ru amido complexes. [6] However, to the best of our knowledge, there has been no report of a catalytic asymmetric desymmetrization of prochiral dicar-[