Foreword
HCI International 2022 Thematic Areas and Affiliated Conferences
List of Conference Proceedings Volumes Appearing Before the Conference
Preface
4th International Conference on HCI in Mobility, Transport, and Automotive Systems (MobiTAS 2022)
HCI International 2023
Contents
Designing Interactions in the Mobility, Transport, and Automotive Context
How to Support Rapid Prototyping of Virtual Content for Automotive AR Head-Up Displays?
1 Introduction
1.1 Development of AR Applications
1.2 Prototyping and Evaluation of AR HUD Concepts
1.3 Motivation and Goals
2 Related Work
3 Use Case and Implementation
4 Procedure and Evaluation
5 Results
6 Discussion
7 Conclusion
References
Creating Geopositioned 3D Areas of Interest from Fleet Gaze Data
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
3 Research Questions and Methods
3.1 Research Questions
3.2 Dataset
3.3 Predefined 3D AOIs/Ground Truth
3.4 Point Cloud Generation
3.5 OPTICS Algorithm
3.6 AOI Optimization
4 Results
5 Discussion
6 Conclusion
References
Exploring New Depths: How Could Passengers Interact with Future In-Car Holographic 3D Displays?
1 Introduction
2 Study 1: Gesture Elicitation
2.1 Method
2.2 Results
2.3 Discussion
3 Study 2: Reverse-Matching
3.1 Method
3.2 Results
3.3 Discussion
4 Study 3: Memorability Evaluation
4.1 Method
4.2 Results
4.3 Discussion
5 General Discussion
6 Conclusions and Future Work
References
Establishment and Validation of Flight Crew Training Cost Model
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Composition of the Training Cost
2.2 Model Establishment
2.3 Modeling Validation
3 Model Application and Analysis
3.1 Cockpit Layout Familiarity
3.2 Theory Knowledge
3.3 Flight Controls
3.4 Procedure Performance
3.5 Crew Resource Management
4 Conclusions
Omniverse-OpenDS: Enabling Agile Developments for Complex Driving Scenarios via Reconfigurable Abstractions
1 Introduction
2 Background and Motivation
2.1 Driving Simulations and Driving Scenarios in OpenDS
2.2 Redundant Implementations of Driving Scenarios in OpenDS
2.3 Motivation
3 Omniverse Design
3.1 Abstraction Design
3.2 Automatic Filling
3.3 Implementation Details
4 Experimental Study
4.1 Ethical Issue Statement
4.2 Study Methodology and Procedure
4.3 Study Results
5 Conclusions
References
Oneiros-OpenDS: An Interactive and Extensible Toolkit for Agile and Automated Developments of Complicated Driving Scenes
1 Introduction
2 Background and Motivations
2.1 The Importance of Driving Simulators
2.2 OpenDS: An Open-Sourced Driving Simulator
2.3 The Conventional Approach to Create Driving Scenes
2.4 Motivation and Our Goal
3 Oneiros: A High-Level Overview
3.1 Oneiros Workflow
3.2 Component 1: GUI-Based Operators
3.3 Component 2: Automated Code Generators
3.4 Component 3: Preview Functions
4 Oneiros: Detailed Design
4.1 The GUI of Oneiros
4.2 Demonstrations of Oneiros's Functionalities
5 User Study of Oneiros
5.1 Ethical Issue Statement
5.2 Study Methodology
5.3 Study Procedure
5.4 Study Results
6 Discussions and Limitations
6.1 Takeaways of Efficiency from Oneiros
6.2 Takeaways of User Experiences from Oneiros
6.3 Limitations
7 Conclusions
References
Towards Scenario-Based and Question-Driven Explanations in Autonomous Vehicles
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
2.1 Human-Autonomous Vehicle Interaction
2.2 Human-Centered Explainable AI
2.3 Explanations in Autonomous Vehicles
3 What to Explain: A Conceptual Framework
3.1 Scenario Model
3.2 Intention Model
3.3 Cooperation Model
4 How to Explain: The SQX-canvas
4.1 Methodology
4.2 Practice
5 Summary and Discussion
5.1 Findings from the Workshop
5.2 The Value and Limitations of the Method
6 Conclusion
References
Human-Centered Design of Automotive Systems
Investigate the In-Vehicle Healthcare System Design Opportunities: Findings from a Co-design Study
1 Introduction
1.1 Background
1.2 Relevant Studies
1.3 Objectives
2 Methodology
3 Result
3.1 Data Arrangement
3.2 Data Specification
3.3 Conceptual Framework of the In-Vehicle Health System in the Future
4 Conclusion
5 Discussion
References
User-Centered Development of a Route Planning App for Fragmented Automated Drives
1 Introduction
2 Research Goals
3 User-Centered Design Process
3.1 Concept Design
3.2 Implementation
3.3 Final Assessment
4 Discussion and Outlook
References
Gender Preference Differences in Color Temperature Associated with LED Light Sources in the Autopilot Cabin
1 Introduction
2 Experimental Setups
2.1 Participants
2.2 Experimental Scenarios and Their Parameter Settings
2.3 Color Temperature Setting
2.4 Procedures
2.5 Statistical Analysis
3 Study Results
3.1 Experimental Design
3.2 Reliability and Validity Tests
3.3 Descriptive Analysis
3.4 Variance Analysis
3.5 Related Analysis
4 Conclusion
References
A Deep Dive into the China’s Gen Z: How They Use and What They Expect for Their Cars
1 Introduction
1.1 Research Background
1.2 Introduction to the Current Study
2 Research Methodology
2.1 Participant
2.2 Research Process
2.3 Method of Analysis
3 Research Findings
3.1 Gen Z’ Life States and Its Attitude Towards Cars
3.2 The Car Use Scenarios of Gen Z
3.3 Gen Z’s Views on Intelligent Cars
4 Summary
5 Discussion
References
Effect of Age on Driving Behavior and a Neurophysiological Interpretation
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
2.1 Participants
2.2 Equipment
2.3 Independent Variables
2.4 Dependent Variables
2.5 Task
2.6 Procedure
3 Results
3.1 Driving Performance
3.2 Eye Tracking Measurement
3.3 Brain Activity
3.4 Workload
4 Discussion and Conclusion
References
The Impact of Directional Road Signs Combinations and Language Unfamiliarity on Driving Behavior
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
2.1 Road Sign Combination
2.2 Road Sign Language
2.3 Mental Workload
3 Methodology
3.1 Participants
3.2 Apparatus
3.3 Experiment Design
3.4 Task
3.5 Procedure
4 Result
4.1 Speed Standard Deviation
4.2 Acceleration Standard Deviation
4.3 Accuracy
4.4 Gaze Time
4.5 Brain Activity
5 Discussion
5.1 Language Familiarity
5.2 Combination of Directional Road Signs
6 Conclusion
References
Towards a Customizable Usage Requirements Cycle
1 Objectives
2 Usage Requirements in Development Processes
3 Study Design
3.1 Literature Analysis
3.2 Expert Interviews
4 Results
4.1 Set of Activities
4.2 Activity Relations
4.3 Usage Requirements Cycle
5 Discussion
6 Conclusion
References
Understanding Drivers’ Physiological Responses in Different Road Conditions
1 Introduction
2 Method
2.1 Participants
2.2 Apparatus
2.3 Facial Expression Analysis
2.4 Multi-dimensionnel Mood Questionnaire (MDMQ)
2.5 Emotion Recognition Through Kansei Engineering (KE)
3 Design Procedure
4 Results
4.1 Comparing the Extracted Data from Kansei Engineering Metric (Perceived Emotion) in Both Scenarios
4.2 Comparing the Extracted Data from Facial Expression and Eye Tracking Between Both Scenario
4.3 Correlations Between Perceived Emotion and Facial Expression
5 Discussion
6 Conclusion
References
Co-designing the Next Generation Automatic Driving Vehicle HMI Interface with Lead-Users
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Objectives
2.2 Materials
2.3 Procedure
2.4 Results from Participatory Workshops
3 Conclusion
References
Driver Information and Assistance Systems
Driving Experiment System Using HMDs to Measure Drivers’ Proficiency and Difficulty of Various Road Conditions
1 Introduction
2 Implementation of Driving Experiment System
3 Driving Experiment
4 Results and Discussion
5 Conclusion and Future Work
References
Inspection of In-Vehicle Touchscreen Infotainment Display for Different Screen Locations, Menu Types, and Positions
1 Introduction
1.1 What is IVIS? and History
2 Literature
2.1 Device Locations
2.2 Navigation Menu
2.3 Limitations of Previous Research
3 Methodology
3.1 Participants
3.2 Material
3.3 Independent Variables
3.4 Procedure
4 Results
4.1 Driving Task Performance
4.2 Secondary Task Performance
5 Discussion
6 Conclusion
6.1 Research Limitation and Future Work
References
Ergonomics Evaluation of In-Vehicle HMI Based on Meander of Finger Trajectory
1 Introduction
2 Method
2.1 Experimental Design
2.2 Participants
2.3 Apparatus
2.4 Data Analysis
3 Result
3.1 Finger Movement Velocity
3.2 Modified After-Scenario Questionnaire
3.3 NASA-TLX
4 Discussion
5 Conclusion
6 Limitation
References
Face2Statistics: User-Friendly, Low-Cost and Effective Alternative to In-vehicle Sensors/Monitors for Drivers
1 Introduction
2 Background
3 Face2Statistics: An Overview
3.1 Component 1: Facial Expressions from Video Streams
3.2 Component 2: Deep Neural Network-Driven Predictors
3.3 Component 3: Visualization/Exportation of Predicted Results
4 Customizing Face2Statistics for Different Individuals
4.1 Optimization 1: Mitigating the Effects of Illumination
4.2 Optimization2: Customizing Face2Statistics for Different Individuals
5 Experimental Methodology
5.1 Implementation Details
5.2 Dataset and Neural Network Models
6 Experimental Results
6.1 Comparisons Among Different Neural Network Models
6.2 Comparisons Between HSV and RGB
6.3 Comparisons Between Models W/ or W/out CRF
6.4 Takeaways from Experimental Results
7 Discussion
7.1 Model Limitations
7.2 Driver's Privacy and Ethics
8 Related Works
8.1 Existing Methods for Extracting Drivers' Statistics
8.2 Limitations of the Existing Methods
8.3 Novelty of Our Approach
9 Conclusions
References
User-Centered Information Architecture of Vehicle AR-HUD Interface
1 Introduction
2 Information Architecture of AR-HUD Interface
2.1 Priority Classification of AR-HUD Interface Information
3 Card Sorting Experiments
3.1 Participants
3.2 Road Environment Condition
3.3 Design Cards
3.4 Experimental Procedure
3.5 Cluster Analysis
4 Results
4.1 Beginner Group
4.2 Skilled driver Group
5 Discussion and Conclusions
References
Emotional Design for In-Vehicle Infotainment Systems: An Exploratory Co-design Study
1 Introduction
2 Methods
2.1 Participants
2.2 Procedure
2.3 Data Analysis
3 Results and Discussion
3.1 Visceral Design
3.2 Behavioral Design
3.3 Reflective Design
4 Conclusion
References
Studies on Automated Driving
Watch Out Car, He’s Drunk! How Passengers of Vehicles Perceive Risky Crossing Situations Based on Situational Parameters
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
2.1 Objective and Subjective Risk in Traffic
2.2 Towards Virtual Test Scenarios for Automated Vehicles
2.3 Potential Influence Factors on Perceived Risk of Crossing Situations
2.4 Hypotheses
3 Method
3.1 Study Design
3.2 Materials
3.3 Sample
3.4 Procedure
3.5 Preparation for Data Analysis
4 Results
4.1 Operationalization of VRUs’ Predictability
4.2 Influence of Manipulated Predictors on Perceived Risk
4.3 Influence of Participants’ Characteristics on Perceived Risk
5 Discussion
5.1 Discussion of Results
5.2 Discussion of Limitations
6 Conclusion
References
Impacts of Autonomous Vehicle Driving Logics on Heterogenous Traffic and Evaluating Transport Interventions with Microsimulation Experiments
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
3 Materials and Methods
3.1 Characteristics of the Studied Junction
3.2 Data Preparation
3.3 Creating the Base Model, Calibration, and Validation
3.4 Scenario Definition and Development
4 Results and Discussions
4.1 Results of the Physical Intervention Scenario
4.2 Results of the Behavioral Intervention Scenario
5 Conclusions
References
HAVIT: A VR-Based Platform to Support Human-Autonomous Vehicle Interaction Study
1 Introduction
2 Related Work
2.1 Interaction Between AVs and Pedestrians
2.2 VR Simulation for AV-Pedestrian Interaction Design and Study
3 Design Principles
4 The HAVIT System
4.1 Parameter Components
4.2 User Interface
4.3 Scenario Configuration
4.4 Experimental Setting
4.5 Batch Exportation
4.6 Preview Mode
5 Implementation
6 Evaluation
6.1 Participants
6.2 Procedure
6.3 Measurements
6.4 Results
7 Discussion
7.1 Effectiveness at Facilitating Efficient Exploration Process
7.2 The Ease of Use of the Scenario Configuration
7.3 Prospective Applications of the HAVIT
8 Limitation and Future Work
9 Conclusion
References
Visualization Analysis on Literature Maps of Chinese Intelligent Vehicle Design Based on Citespace
1 Concept of Intelligent Vehicle
1.1 Definition of Intelligent Vehicle
1.2 Evolution of Intelligent Vehicles
2 Research Design
2.1 Research Methods
2.2 Research Dimension
2.3 Data Sources
3 Research Progress and Trend Analysis of Intelligent Vehicle Design
3.1 Number and Annual Distribution of Documents
3.2 Collinear Network Analysis of the Author
3.3 Research Progress and Time Zone Distribution
3.4 Research Hotspots and Trends
4 Research Conclusion
References
Social Acceptability of Autonomous Vehicles: Unveiling Correlation of Passenger Trust and Emotional Response
1 Introduction
1.1 Motivation, Novelty and Contribution
2 Self-driving Car Simulator Setup
3 Research Methodology
3.1 Sequential-and-Structured Data Collection
3.2 Experimental Design
4 Experiment and Technical Results
4.1 Participant's Response
4.2 EEG Response and Data Cleaning
5 Conclusion and Future Work
References
Beyond SAE J3016: New Design Spaces for Human-Centered Driving Automation
1 Introduction
2 Methods
3 Abstraction Hierarchy
3.1 Purpose and Goal Structure
3.2 Control of Movement
3.3 Control of Non-Driving-Related Tasks
3.4 Monitoring, Failures, and Changes in Control
4 Design Spaces for User Interventions
4.1 Identified Design Spaces Based on the System Analysis
4.2 Specification Using Alternative Automation Taxonomies
5 Discussion and Limitations
6 Conclusion
References
Study of the Hazard Perception Model for Automated Driving Systems
1 Introduction
2 Method
2.1 Participants
2.2 Apparatus
2.3 Scenarios
2.4 Experimental Design
2.5 Procedure
3 Results
3.1 Time to Intersection
3.2 Danger Level Assessment
3.3 Risk Acceptance
4 Hazard Perception Model
4.1 Model Building
4.2 Model Application
5 Conclusion
References
A Preliminary Evaluation of Driver’s Workload in Partially Automated Vehicles
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
2.1 Workload Assessment in Driving Contexts
2.2 FNIRS in Workload Assessment
3 Methodology
3.1 Participants
3.2 Apparatus
3.3 Independent Variables
3.4 Dependent Variables
3.5 Task
3.6 Procedure
4 Results
4.1 NASA-TLX
4.2 FNIRS Data
4.3 Eye Tracking Measurement
5 Discussion
6 Conclusion
References
Testing Approach of HMI Designs for Vehicles with Automated Driving Systems: A Usability Test Case Based on the Driving Simulator
1 Introduction
2 Method
2.1 Experiment Environment
2.2 Participants
3 Procedure
3.1 Experiment Process
3.2 Measures
4 Result
5 Conclusion
6 Discussion
References
Micro-mobility and Urban Mobility
Towards a Framework for Detecting Temporary Obstacles and Their Impact on Mobility for Diversely Disabled Users
1 Introduction and Problem Statement
2 Graphs, Percolation and Criticality Effects
3 Existing Potential Solutions
4 Proposal: A Framework for Detecting Temporary Obstacles in Mobility Contexts
5 Discussion
6 Conclusion
References
Assistive Systems for Special Mobility Needs in the Coastal Smart City
1 Introduction
2 State-of-the-Art
3 Coastal City Characterization and How It Becomes Smart
3.1 Management of Circulation in the City, in the Harbor/port, and on the Sea
3.2 Beaches and Sea
4 Data Identification and Their Management - Dynamicity
4.1 Data Dynamicity
4.2 Emergency and Rescue Management
4.3 Data for Beach Mobility
4.4 Data for Traffic Management
5 Data Collection and Elaboration
5.1 Open Data
5.2 Machine Learning and Deep Learning
6 Mobility Assistive System and Its Relationship with the Field
7 Conclusion
References
Exploring Private Scooter Owners’ Willingness to Introduce Their Own Scooter into Vehicle Sharing Services
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
2.1 Scooter Sharing Service
2.2 Attitude and User Experience
3 Methods
3.1 Measurements
3.2 Participants
3.3 Data Analysis
4 Results
4.1 T-Test
4.2 Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analysis
5 Discussion
5.1 Attitude Toward Scooter Usage
5.2 User Willingness to Introduce Scooter into Sharing Service
6 Conclusion
References
Temporal Travel Demand Analysis of Irregular Bike-Sharing Users
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
2.1 Exponential Smoothing
2.2 Random Forest
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusions
References
Analysis of the Tasks of Control Room Operators Within Chinese Motorway Control Rooms
1 Introduction
1.1 Background
1.2 Literature Review
1.3 Aim
2 Methodology
2.1 Participants
2.2 Identify Target Tasks
2.3 Investigate Target Tasks
2.4 Analysis
3 Results
4 Discussion
4.1 Contribution
4.2 Limitations and Future Work
5 Conclusion
References
Gender Inclusiveness in Public Transportation: Social Media Analysis
1 Introduction
2 Literature Review
2.1 Social Media and Public Transportation
2.2 Gender Equality and Social Inclusion
3 Research Method
4 Results and Discussion
5 Conclusion
References
Robust Linear Regression-Based GIS Technique for Modeling the Processing Time at Tourism Destinations
1 Introduction
2 Methodology
3 Results and Discussion
4 Conclusion
References
Enabling Knowledge Extraction on Bike Sharing Systems Throughout Open Data
1 Introduction
1.1 ETL and (Big) Data Issues
1.2 Aim and Structure of the Work
2 Unified Data Collector
2.1 Unified Station Status Concept
2.2 Data Extraction Process
2.3 Data Storage Architecture
2.4 Database Schema
3 Data Consumption Tools
3.1 Data Generator
3.2 API Rest
3.3 Web Application
4 System User Profiles and Uses Cases
5 Results
6 Conclusions and Future Work
References
Perception of Incidental Social Interactions During Independent Travel on Public Transport: An Exploratory Study with Adults with Intellectual Disability
1 Introduction
1.1 Intellectual Disability: Definitions, Diagnostic, and Particularities of Social Information Processing
1.2 Intellectual Disability and Transportation: Specificity of Social Interactions During Travel
2 Method
2.1 Participants
2.2 Material
2.3 Procedure
3 Results
4 Discussion
4.1 Social Information Processing and Cognitive Limitations Associated with Intellectual Disability
4.2 Limitations
4.3 Futures Research Directions
5 Conclusion
References
Corporate Mobility Budgets as a Contribution to the Enforcement of Sustainable Mobility
1 Motivation and Definition of the Term “Corporate Mobility Budget”
2 Role Models and Target Groups
3 Market Overview of Corporate Mobility Budget Providers and Concepts
3.1 National Providers
3.2 International Providers
4 Design of Corporate Mobility Budgets
4.1 Design Options
4.2 Decision Support Tool for Employers
5 Summary
References
A Tangible Based Interaction- and Visualization- Tool for the Analyzation of Individual Mobility Data on an Augmented Reality Table
1 Introduction
1.1 MobiDiary Data Description
1.2 AR-Table Description
2 Related Work
3 AR-Table Construction
4 Concept of Interaction
4.1 Tangibles and Markers
4.2 Marker Detection and Filters
5 Data Visualization
5.1 Map
5.2 Tracks
6 Evaluation
6.1 User Study Design
6.2 Studies Implementation
7 Results
8 Summary and Outlook
References
Author Index