Scientific bases of the general classification of crystalline materials such as single crystals, polycrystalline materials and glass ceramic have been expounded. In the systematic procedures the materials are signified by the applicability formulas. Materials belonging to the certain taxons as well as their ability to carry out some official functions under the given conditions of the relationship with the factors of the environment are also determined by the applicability formulas. n3JIOXeHhI HaygHbIe OCHOBhI 06~qefi CHCTeMaTHKH KpHCTaJlJIHWCKHX MaTepHanOB -MOHOKpUCTaJI-3HaYaWTCII @OpMynaMU IIPHMCHHMOCTU. @OpMynaMU npHMeHUMOCTU OnpeneJlXWTCX npUHa&IleX-HOCTb MaTepUanOB K OIIPeAeneHHbIM TaKCOHaM U CIIOCO6HOCTb UX BbInOJIHXTb OnpeneneHbIe cnyxe6~-hIe @YHKqUH B 3aaIaHHbIX YCJIOBHRX 93aHMOnekCTBUX C @aKTOpaMH BHeUIHd CpenbI.
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The present-day stage of the scientific and technological revolution is characterized by a keen attention toward crystalline materials (both single crystals and polycrystalline ceramics and sitalls, or glass ceramics). They are looked upon as often the most suitable materials for the huge variety of instruments and apparatus needed to push forward the scientific progress, including the extra iarge information, communications and control systems.
This makes exigent a rigorous systematization of the body of data amassed to-date concerning, e.g., crystals in order to facilitate the practical use of such materials.
However, because the number of available crystalline materials and their classification as to properties, structure and composition has reached too high level of diversification the differentiation of knowledge in the field, the search for optimum solutions and systemic assessments of the applicability of a given crystalline material for a given purpose have become extremely difficult. A comprehensive classification of crystalline materials may, therefore, be very helpful. It would promote integration of knowledge and development of modern automatic data retrieval and expert advice and prognostic systems.
A general classification of crystalline materials consists of two parts. The first brings the nomenclature of single-and polycrystalline materials into a system. The second part decribes a classification of materials, semifinished items, units, instruments and processes required for their production, property control, laboratory research and testing.
This paper deals with the first part of such a classification; the second will be set forth in a paper to follow.
1. Methodology
General systematics is a science of ordering the plurality of material objects into subordinated hierarchical systems (taxons) and naming the systems and objects with formulas which characterize the applicability and morphological image of the object.
The methodology of the general systematization of crystalline materials is based on the functional system theory (BREKHOVSKIKH 1985(BREKHOVSKIKH , 1986) general systematics of materials, 81*