โ Scribed by Doug H. Rose; Falah S. Hasoon; Ramesh G. Dhere; Dave S. Albin; Rosine M. Ribelin; Xiaonan S. Li; Yoxa Mahathongdy; Tim A. Gessert; Pete Sheldon
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This paper details the laboratory processes used to fabricate CdS/CdTe solar cells at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. The basic fabrication technique includes low-pressure chemical vapor deposited SnO 2 , chemical-bath deposited CdS, close-spaced sublimated CdTe, solution-CdCl 2 treatment, and an acid-contact etch, followed by application of a doped-graphite paste. This paper also describes the results of a reproducibility study in which cells were produced by multiple operators with an average AM1 . 5 eciency of 12 . 6%. And ยฎnally, this paper discusses process sensitivities and alternative cell fabrication procedures and reports the fabrication of a cell with an AM1 . 5 eciency of 15 . 4%.
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The eects of thermal annealing in conjunction with CdCl 2 vapor heat treatment on the properties of CdTe/CdS thin ยฎlms and devices deposited by physical vapor deposition are reported. Results are compared for three treatment variations: hightemperature anneal only, high-temperature anneal followed b
A post-deposition process for optimizing the efficiency of thin film CdTe/CdS solar cells deposited by physical vapor deposition has been developed and the effects of the individual process steps on the materials and device properties have been analyzed. A 400 ยฐC heat treatment with CdCl2 restructur
07 Alternative energy sources (solar energy) temperature distribution obtained by computer simulation is compared with experimental results which were obtained in previous work for a typical summer day (l/7/1992) in Tanta, latitude 30"47'N, Egypt. Good agreement between experimental and theoretical