✍ Scribed by Gunstone, Frank D
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
Though designed by nature to effect hydrolysis of lipids, lipases can, under appropriate reaction conditions, promote ester formation through reaction of acids and alcohols (esteri®cation) or of esters with acids (acidolysis), alcohols (alcoholysis), or other esters (interesteri®cation). Compared with chemical processes already carried out on an industrial scale enzymic reactions occur under milder (and `greener') conditions though they may take longer. Of greater signi®cance is the speci®city shown by the enzymes which permits the formation of lipid derivatives not easily prepared by conventional laboratory procedures.
This review describes the lipases and their various speci®cities and reports on their use in hydrolysis and in the production of phospholipids, fatty acids, alkyl esters, mono-and di-acylglycerols, triacylglycerols, other esters, and amides. Some of these have already led to marketable products but for the most part the full potential of these reactions has yet to be realised. The reactions of other enzymes promoting interesting reactions at unsaturated centres are also described.
📜 SIMILAR VOLUMES
The linkage of lysine residues on the surfaces of subtilisin crystals (NH -Enz; see Scheme) with glutardialdehyde affords an immobilized biocatalyst of high stability and purity. The replacement of the serine OH group in the active site (Enz-OH) by SeO H leads to new activity as a peroxidase. Thus f