Many countries experience lack of harmony among economic development, environmental management and human health. As a consequence, public health, the integrity of ecosystems, and the efforts to reach environmental sustainability, have been adversely affected. The complexity, frequency and magnitude of those impacts is increasingly parallel to the technological revolution, rising population, and increasing per capita consumption. The burden of the concerns about how humans inflict natural and man-made enclaves tends to rely in highly industrial societies. However, many of the world environmental alterations are been achieved by non-industrial societies. This book examines and discusses multidisciplinary aspects of the impacts that humans had on the physical environment, the biota, and human health, focusing on the scenario of developing and under-developing countries. Among the areas covered are environmental degradation, pollution, occupational health, risk management, epidemiology and toxicology. This book will help scientists, resource managers, administrators, educators, policy makers and college students to interpret that risk management and the advancement of research in sustainable development is of utmost importance for all parties involved in seeking solutions for the protectionΒ of natural and anthropogenic systems, and human health.