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✦   LIBER   ✦

Effects of dust scattering in expanding spherical nebulae

✍ Scribed by M. Srinivasa Rao; Sujan Sengupta


Publisher
Elsevier Science
Year
2004
Tongue
English
Weight
228 KB
Volume
9
Category
Article
ISSN
1384-1076

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✦ Synopsis


The mean intensity of planetary nebulae with an expanding atmosphere is modeled by considering dusty and dustfree atmospheres. The bulk matter density is determined from the adopted velocity field through the equation of continuity. The gas is assumed to consist of hydrogen and helium and the gas-to-dust mass ratio is taken to be 3 Γ‚ 10 Γ€4 . The Rayleigh phase function is employed for atomic scattering while the full Mie theory of scattering is incorporated for determining the dust scattering and absorption cross-section as well as the phase function for the angular distribution of photons after scattering. It is shown that in a dust free atmosphere, the mean intensity increases with the increase in the expansion velocity that makes the medium diluted. The mean intensity profile changes significantly when dust scattering is incorporated. The increase in forward scattering of photons by the dust particles yields into an increase in the mean intensity as compared to that without dust. The mean intensity increases as the particle size is increased. Thus it is shown that both the expansion of the medium and the presence of dust play important role in determining the mean intensity of a planetary nebulae.


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