The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of bumetanide were evaluated after intravenous (i.v.) administration of the same total dose of bumetanide in different lengths of infusion times, 10 s (treatment I), 1 h (treatment 11), and 4 h (treatment 111) to rabbits.
The fluid loss in urine was immediately replaced volume for volume with i.v. infusion of lactated Ringer's solution. Some pharmacokinetic parameters of bumetanide were infusion time-dependent and it might be due to the saturable metabolism of bumetanide. For example, the mean values of CL (13.6, 25.3 vs 18*2mlmin-' kg-I), MRT (9.70, 10.6 vs 21*8min), V,, (128, 217 vs 378mlkg-'), and CL,, (2.71, 9.24 vs 6.44 ml min-' kg-') increased when the same dose of bumetanide was infused in 1 h or 4 h. However, the mean values of t,, and CL, were not significantly different among three treatments. The diuretic effects (urine outputs and urinary excretions of sodium and chloride) increased significantly in 1 and 4 h of infusion although the total amounts of urinary excretion of unchanged bumetanide were 21.8 and 20.5 per cent lower in treatments I1 and 111, respectively, when compared with the value in treatment I; the mean values of 8-h urine outputs were 373, 922, and 1030 ml for 10 s, 1 h, and 4 h of infusion, respectively, and the corresponding values for 24-h sodium excretions were 49.0, 82-8, and 121 mmol, and for chloride were 47.5, 71-1, and 114mmol. It could be due to the higher diuretic efficiencies in treatments I1 and 111. Plasma concentrations of bumetanide, and hourly urine outputs and hourly urinary excretion rates of bumetanide, sodium, potassium, and chloride during the apparent steady state (between 1 and 4 h) in the 4 h infusion study were fairly constant.
KEY WORDS Same total dose of bumetanide Different lengths of infusion time Pharmacokinetics Pharmacodynamics