Effect of ABT on the activity and rate of degradation of isoproturon in susceptible and resistant biotypes of Phalaris minor and in wheat

✍ Scribed by Singh, Samunder; Kirkwood, Ralph C.; Marshall, George

• Publisher: John Wiley and Sons
• Year: 1998
• Tongue: English
• Weight: 311 KB
• Volume: 53
• Category: Article
• ISSN: 1526-498X
• DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-9063(199806)53:2<123::aid-ps755>3.0.co;2-j

✦ Synopsis

The e †ect of the monooxygenase inhibitor, 1-aminobenzotriazole (ABT) on isoproturon phytotoxicity and metabolism was studied in resistant (R) and susceptible (S) biotypes of Phalaris minor and in wheat (T riticum aestivum). Addition of ABT (2É5, 5 and 10 mg litre~1) to isoproturon (0É25, 0É5, 1, 2 and 4 mg litre~1) in the nutrient solution signiÐcantly enhanced the phytotoxicity of isoproturon against the R biotype. Isoproturon at 0É25 mg litre~1 reduced the dry weight (DW) of the S biotype by 77%, whereas the R biotype required 4É0 mg litre~1 for similar reduction. Addition of 10 mg litre~1 of ABT to the 0É25 mg litre~1 isoproturon caused 71 and 82% reduction in DW of R and S biotypes, respectively. Wheat was more sensitive to the mixture of isoproturon and ABT than the R biotype of P. minor. Reduced concentrations of ABT in the mixture from 10 to 2É5 mg litre~1 increased the DW of the R biotype more than that of the S biotype.

The R biotype metabolised [14C]isoproturon at a faster rate than the S biotype. ABT (5 mg litre~1) inhibited the degradation of [14C]isoproturon in both biotypes of P. minor and in wheat. In the presence of ABT, about half of the applied [14C]isoproturon remained as parent herbicide in all the three species after two days. The metabolites were similar in the R and S biotypes and wheat as determined by co-chromatography with reference standards and mass spectroscopy (MS). ABT inhibited the appearance of the hydroxy and monomethyl metabolites and their conjugates in all the test plants.

These results suggest that the activity of the enzymes responsible for the degradation of isoproturon is greater in the R than in the S biotype of P. minor, resulting in its rapid detoxiÐcation. Incorporation of the monooxygenase inhibitor ABT into the nutrient solution greatly inhibited the degradation of [14C]isoproturon in the R biotype and increased its phytotoxicity. Both hydroxylation and N-dealkylation reactions were found to be sensitive to ABT ; inhibition of hydroxylation was greater than that of demethylation. Since ABT could not completely suppress isoproturon degradation, it is possible that more than one monooxygenase is involved. 1998