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Distinct DNA methylation patterns in cirrhotic liver and hepatocellular carcinoma

✍ Scribed by Ole Ammerpohl; Johann Pratschke; Clemens Schafmayer; Andrea Haake; Wladimir Faber; Oliver von Kampen; Mario Brosch; Bence Sipos; Witigo von Schönfels; Katharina Balschun; Christoph Röcken; Alexander Arlt; Bodo Schniewind; Jonas Grauholm; Holger Kalthoff; Peter Neuhaus; Felix Stickel; Stefan Schreiber; Thomas Becker; Reiner Siebert; Jochen Hampe

Publisher
John Wiley and Sons
Year
2011
Tongue
French
Weight
651 KB
Volume
130
Category
Article
ISSN
0020-7136

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✦ Synopsis

Abstract

Abberrant DNA methylation is one of the hallmarks of cancerogenesis. Our study aims to delineate differential DNA methylation in cirrhosis and hepatic cancerogenesis. Patterns of methylation of 27,578 individual CpG loci in 12 hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs), 15 cirrhotic controls and 12 normal liver samples were investigated using an array‐based technology. A supervised principal component analysis (PCA) revealed 167 hypomethylated loci and 100 hypermethylated loci in cirrhosis and HCC as compared to normal controls. Thus, these loci show a “cirrhotic” methylation pattern that is maintained in HCC. In pairwise supervised PCAs between normal liver, cirrhosis and HCC, eight loci were significantly changed in all analyses differentiating the three groups (p < 0.0001). Of these, five loci showed highest methylation levels in HCC and lowest in control tissue (LOC55908, CELSR1, CRMP1, GNRH2, ALOX12 and ANGPTL7), whereas two loci showed the opposite direction of change (SPRR3 and TNFSF15). Genes hypermethylated between normal liver to cirrhosis, which maintain this methylation pattern during the development of HCC, are depleted for CpG islands, high CpG content promoters and polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) targets in embryonic stem cells. In contrast, genes selectively hypermethylated in HCC as compared to nonmalignant samples showed an enrichment of CpG islands, high CpG content promoters and PRC2 target genes (p < 0.0001). Cirrhosis and HCC show distinct patterns of differential methylation with regards to promoter structure, PRC2 targets and CpG islands.

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