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Diosgenin attenuates inflammatory changes in the interaction between adipocytes and macrophages

✍ Scribed by Shizuka Hirai; Taku Uemura; Noriko Mizoguchi; Joo-Young Lee; Keiko Taketani; Yuki Nakano; Shohei Hoshino; Nobuaki Tsuge; Toshihiko Narukami; Rina Yu; Nobuyuki Takahashi; Teruo Kawada

Publisher
John Wiley and Sons
Year
2009
Tongue
English
Weight
292 KB
Volume
54
Category
Article
ISSN
1613-4125

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✦ Synopsis

Abstract

Obese adipose tissues are characterized by the enhanced infiltration of macrophages. It is considered that the paracrine loop involving monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1, tumor necrosis factor‐α, and the free fatty acid between adipocytes and macrophages establishes a vicious cycle that aggravates inflammatory changes and insulin resistance in obese adipose tissues. Diosgenin, a saponin aglycon found in a variety of plants, has anti‐inflammatory properties. In the present study, we examined the effect of diosgenin on the inflammatory changes in the interaction between adipocytes and macrophages. A coculture of 3T3‐L1 adipocytes and RAW 264 macrophages markedly enhanced the production of tumor necrosis factor‐α, monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1, and nitric oxide compared with the sum of their single cultures; however, treatment with diosgenin inhibited the production of these proinflammatory mediators. Diosgenin also suppressed the inflammation in RAW 264 macrophages that was induced by the conditioned medium derived from 3T3‐L1 adipocytes. Furthermore, diosgenin inhibited the conditioned medium‐induced degradation of inhibitor κB and the phosphorylation of c‐jun N‐terminal kinase in macrophages. These results indicate that diosgenin exhibits anti‐inflammatory properties in the interaction of adipocytes and macrophages by inhibiting the inflammatory signals in macrophages. Diosgenin may be useful for ameliorating the inflammatory changes in obese adipose tissues.

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