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Comparison of fluoride and sapphire optical fibers for Er: YAG laser lithotripsy

✍ Scribed by Jinze Qiu; Joel Teichman; Tianyi Wang; Badr Elmaanaoui; David Gamez; Thomas E. Milner

Publisher
John Wiley and Sons
Year
2010
Tongue
English
Weight
219 KB
Volume
3
Category
Article
ISSN
1864-063X

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✦ Synopsis

Abstract

The long‐pulse (200–350 μs) Holmium: YAG (Ho: YAG) laser (λ = 2.12 μm) is used extensively in urology for laser lithotripsy. The long‐pulse Erbium: YAG (Er: YAG) laser (λ = 2.94 μm) fragments urinary calculi up to 5 times more efficiently than the Ho: YAG laser, however, no optical fibers are available to transmit efficiently 2.94 μm laser light for laser lithotripsy. We report results of a study evaluating a fluoride glass fiber to transmit Er: YAG laser light for laser lithotripsy and compare to a sapphire fiber that provides good transmission of Er: YAG light at low irradiance. The fluoride fiber provides superior light transmission efficiency over the sapphire fiber at an Er: YAG wavelength (2.94 μm). The sapphire fiber provides a more durable and robust delivery waveguide than the fluoride fiber when ablating urinary calculi in contact mode. Results of our study suggest that further development to improve performance of fluoride fibers for laser lithotripsy is warranted. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

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