Circularity in Textiles (Textile Science and Clothing Technology)

✍ Scribed by Syeda Rubab Batool (editor), Sheraz Ahmad (editor), Yasir Nawab (editor), Muzzamal Hussain (editor)

• Publisher: Springer
• Year: 2023
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 285
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

This book explains the basic principles of recycling and circularity in textiles. With the emergence of "quick fashion," textile manufacturing has expanded significantly over the past few decades. The importance of textiles to human society goes beyond their practical uses in providing warmth, protection, and comfort. Therefore, the usage and production of textiles are enhanced substantially compared to the past globally. As a result, rates of textile production and trash output have grown drastically. The other side of the story is the drastic rate at which they are dumped into landfills which is almost a garbage truck every second. If this alarming trend continues, there will be serious environmental consequences. It is well known that the textile sector is recognized as the second largest industrial polluter in the world, producing 20% of the global wastewater and accounting for 10% of carbon emissions. Additionally, harmful chemicals are utilized and emitted during the manufacture of textiles, which has an impact on ecosystems and public health The last 150 years of the textile industrial system fundamentally follow the "take-make-dispose" principle, in which resources are continuously taken out of a natural system (take), changed during production (make), and used for various purposes within the human system (use), and then released back into the environment (dispose of). In this way, manufacturing industries produce waste-producing commodities to make money, which eventually has a negative impact leading to the lack of resources resulting in price volatility, uncertainty, and economic crises. This book consists of 11 potential chapters to cover all the aspects of “circularity in textiles.”

✦ Table of Contents

Contents
Introduction
1 Introduction
2 Circularity and Circular Economy
3 Linear Versus Circular Model
4 Need for Circularity
5 Benefits of Circularity
6 Initiatives and Innovations for Circularity in the Textile Industry
7 Current Challenges Faced in Circularity
7.1 Collection
7.2 Sorting
7.3 Reuse and Repair Centers
7.4 Recycling
7.5 Economic Issues
8 Key Elements of Circularity in the Textile Industry
9 Conclusions
References
Eco-innovation: A Case Study of the Kenyan Textile and Apparel Industry
1 Introduction
2 The Kenyan Textile and Apparel Industry
3 Eco-innovation in Kenya
3.1 Policies that Promote Eco-innovation
3.2 Opportunities and Challenges for Promoting Eco-Innovation in T&A Sector
3.3 Financial Policies
4 Recommendations
5 Conclusions
References
Eco-design of Textiles
1 Introduction of Eco-design
1.1 Importance of Eco-design in the Textile Industry
2 Definition of Key Concepts
2.1 Eco-design
2.2 Supply Chain
2.3 Sourcing
2.4 The Conventional Model of Economy
2.5 Take, Make, Use, and Dispose off in the Fashion Supply Chain
2.6 Circular Model of Economy
2.7 Roles and Interactions of the Different Actors
3 Design for Circularity
3.1 Biodegradability and Composability
3.2 Recyclability
3.3 Disassembly
3.4 Longevity
3.5 Role of Innovative Circular Materials
3.6 Circular Supply Chain Management
4 Circular Business Models (Take Back, Lease, Rent, Reverse Logistics…)
5 Scope of Eco-design in Textiles
5.1 Challenges and Opportunities in the Field of Eco-design of Textiles
6 Future Trends and Innovations
7 Conclusion
References
Sustainable Raw Materials
1 Introduction to Sustainable Raw Materials for Textiles
1.1 Principles of Sustainability
2 Sustainable Natural Fibers
2.1 Flax
2.2 Hemp
2.3 Jute
2.4 Ramie
2.5 Kenaf
2.6 Abaca
2.7 Banana
2.8 Bamboo
3 Sustainable Synthetic Fibers
3.1 Alginate
3.2 Cellulosic Fiber (Lyocell)
3.3 Polylactic Acid
3.4 Polyhydroxy Alkanoates
3.5 Poly(Caprolactone)-Based Fibers
3.6 Silk
4 Sustainable Natural Dyes
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Classification of Natural Dyes
4.3 Some Common Natural Dyes
4.4 Application of Natural Dyes on Natural and Synthetic Textile Fibers
4.5 Future Trends
References
Sustainable Production Practices in Textiles
1 Sustainable Practices in Spinning
1.1 Energy Consumption
1.2 Renewable Energy Sources
1.3 Recycling of Leftover and Waste
1.4 Socioeconomic Factors in the Industry
1.5 Packaging Material
1.6 Sustainable Storage Equipment in the Spinning Process
2 Sustainable Production Practices in Weaving
2.1 Importance of Sustainability in Fabric Manufacturing
2.2 Energy Consumption
2.3 Energy Utilizing Sources During Fabric Manufacturing
2.4 Enhancing Sustainability in Fabric Manufacturing Processes
2.5 Waste Reduction and Recycling
2.6 Ethical and Fair Labor Practices
2.7 Sustainable Packaging and Transportation
2.8 Consumer Education and Engagement
3 Sustainable Production Practices in Textile Processing
3.1 Origins of Unsustainability in Textile Processing
3.2 Sustainable Approaches in Textile Processing
3.3 Sustainable Approaches to Pre-treatment Processes
3.4 Sustainable Approaches in Textile Coloration
3.5 Sustainable Textile Coloration Approaches
3.6 Sustainable Textile Finishing Approaches
3.7 Sustainable Approaches in Denim Processing
4 Sustainable Production Practices in Garment Manufacturing
4.1 Eco Designed Garments
4.2 Water and Energy Consumption
4.3 Reduction of Waste
4.4 Labor Performance and Social Impact
5 Conclusion
References
Life Cycle Assessment of Textile Products
1 Introduction
1.1 Life Cycle Assessment
1.2 Importance of LCA in Textiles
2 Life Cycle Assessment Methodology
2.1 Different Approaches of LCA
2.2 Stages of Life Cycle Assessment
2.3 Inputs and Outputs of LCA
3 Environmental Impacts of Textile Products
3.1 Energy Consumption and GHG Emissions
3.2 Abiotic Depletion
3.3 Eutrophication Depletion/Water Pollution
3.4 Waste Generation, Disposal, and Land Pollution
4 Case Study: LCA of Textile Products
4.1 LCA of Denim by Levi Strauss & Co.
5 Processes Involved in the Scope of LCA
5.1 Raw Material Extraction and Production
5.2 Textile Production and Processing
5.3 Distribution and Transportation
5.4 Use and Maintenance
5.5 End of Life
5.6 Key Findings of the Case Study
5.7 Limitations of LCA
6 Conclusion and Perspectives
References
Recycling in Textiles
1 Introduction
2 Challenges in Recycling
2.1 Limited Textile Recycling Infrastructure
2.2 Chemical Composition
2.3 Effective Sorting
2.4 Apparel Auxiliaries and Enclosures
2.5 Contaminated Textile Products
2.6 Performance and Quality of Recycled Textile Products
2.7 Consumer Awareness
2.8 Limitations of Available Technologies
2.9 Different Policies in Different Countries
2.10 Strict Standards from Brands
3 Textile Sorting for Recycling
3.1 Advantages
3.2 Disadvantages
4 Mechanical Recycling
4.1 Mechanical Recycling Process
4.2 Mechanical Recycling Techniques
4.3 Factors Effecting the Mechanical Recycling
4.4 Advantages of Mechanical Recycling
4.5 Disadvantages of Mechanical Recycling
5 Chemical Recycling
5.1 Types of Chemical Recycling Techniques
5.2 Advantages and Limitations
5.3 Chemical Recycling Techniques Used in Industry
6 Biological Recycling Techniques
6.1 Types of Biological Recycling Techniques
6.2 Advantages and Limitations
6.3 Biological Recycling Techniques Used in Industry
7 Thermo-mechanical Recycling
7.1 Challenges in Thermo-Mechanical Recycling
8 Conclusion and Way Forward
References
Digitalization in the Textile Sector for Circularity
1 Introduction
1.1 Textile Industry’s Environmental Impact and Circular Economy
1.2 Circular Economy and Digitalization
2 Digital Transformation for Circular Economy
2.1 Circular Repair Solutions
2.2 Reverse Logistics and Circularity
2.3 Product as a Service for Sustainable Consumption
2.4 Recycling and Near Infrared Sorting for Resource Recovery
3 Designing for Circular Economy
3.1 Wear2 Technology for Disassembly
3.2 Additive Manufacturing and On-demand Production
3.3 3D Textile Technologies for Circular Economy
3.4 Knit on Demand
4 The Role of IoT and Big Data in Circularity
5 Supply Chain Transparency for Circular Economy
5.1 Traceability Tags
5.2 Digital Twins
5.3 Blockchain Technology
6 Limited Use of Artificial Intelligence in the Circular Economy
7 Virtual and Augmented Reality for Dematerialization
8 Benefits of Digitalization in the Circular Economy
9 Challenges of Digitalization in the Circular Economy
10 Future Work
11 Conclusions
References
Circular Business Model
1 Introduction
2 Types of Circular Business Models
2.1 Product Life Extension Strategy
2.2 Product as a Service Model (Leasing or Renting)
2.3 Down Cycling Repurposing
2.4 Recycling
3 How do Consumers Value Used Products/Materials?
4 Circular Business Model in the Textile Sector
5 Goverment Legislation and Regulatory Challenges in Circularity
6 Circular Business Model Framework
6.1 Strategies for Designing Durable and Recyclable Textiles
6.2 Educating Consumers About Proper Care and Longevity
7 Water Management in the Textile Sector
8 Challenges for Implementing the CBM in the Textile Sector
9 Conclusion
References
Generation, Assessment, and Mitigation of Microplastics
1 Introduction
2 Classification and Generation of Microplastics
2.1 Primary Microplastics
2.2 Secondary Microplastics
3 Pathways of Microplastics into the Environment
4 Risk Assessment of Microplastics
4.1 Environmental Impacts of Microplastics
4.2 Microplastics and Human Health
5 Mitigation Strategies for Microplastic Pollution
5.1 Policy Approaches
5.2 Technological Interventions
5.3 Changes in Consumer Behavior
6 Conclusions
References
Regulation in Recycling and Circularity: Future Prospective
1 Introduction
2 Regulations in Promoting Sustainable Textile Production
3 Key Legislation and Policy Frameworks
3.1 Environmental Regulations and Sustainability Standards
3.2 The UN Climate Agreements
4 EU Strategy for Sustainable and Circular Textiles
4.1 Fashion Industry Charter for Climate Change
4.2 EU’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM)
4.3 The United Nations Alliance for Sustainable Fashion
4.4 Sustainable Clothing Action Plan 2020 Commitment
4.5 Textiles 2030
5 New York Fashion Sustainability and Social Accountability Act
6 Legal Obligations for Manufacturers, Retailers, and Consumers
7 Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR)
8 New Dutch Rules for Waste Management, Recycling, and Reuse of Textile Products
9 Measurement of Circular Products
9.1 Material Circularity Indicator (MCI)
9.2 Product Circularity Indicator (PCI)
10 Potential Impact of Future Legislation on the Textile Sector
11 Changes Needed to Realize Textile Recycling
11.1 Technological Changes/Digital Tools
11.2 Systematics Changes
12 Stakeholders and Industry Collaboration in Recycling
13 Conclusion
References