Characterization of tissue ablation with a continuous wave holmium laser

✍ Scribed by Domankevitz, Yacov; McMillan, Kathleen; Nishioka, Norman S.

• Publisher: John Wiley and Sons
• Year: 1996
• Tongue: English
• Weight: 688 KB
• Volume: 19
• Category: Article
• ISSN: 0196-8092
• DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-9101(1996)19:1<97::aid-lsm11>3.0.co;2-8

✦ Synopsis

Background and Objective:

The pulsed holmium laser is a promising tool for tissue ablation but possesses some limitations. For example, it is capable of producing significant mechanical damage in certain tissues in the form of fissures and fractures. Because longer pulse durations should reduce mechanical damage, this study examined the tissue effects produced by a prototype continuous wave holmium laser. Study DesignJMaterials and Methods: A prototype liquid nitrogen cooled holmium operating at 2.12 pm was used. The heat of ablation and ablation threshold were determined using a mass loss technique. Fresh pig skin was irradiated in air or under saline, and prepared for histologic analysis. Hemostasis was qualitatively assessed in vivo during incisions made in the skin, liver, and small intestine. Results: Threshold radiant exposure and heat of ablation were calculated from the mass loss measurements to be 191 J/cm2 with a 95% confidence interval of -80440 J/cm2. Residual thermal damage in skin ranged from 390 to 690 pm in saline and from 390 to 490 pm in air. Excellent hemostasis was achieved in all incisions. Comlusioix Using appropriate irradiation parameters, the continuous wave holmium laser produces tissue effects suitable for a general use surgical instrument. In addition, the laser source could become compact and inexpensive when diode-pumped and direct diode devices become available. Q 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.