โ Scribed by Wang, Sy-Ying C. ;Tourneau, Duane
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
Sclerotlnia sclerotiorum (Lib.) D By. was grown in stationary liquid mineral-salts medium, pI-I 4.3, containing various carbon sources and the weight of myeelia and selerotia was determined at regular intervals. When grown on various glucose concentrations (0--24 g of C/l), more sclerotia were produced at 8--12 g of C/1. Sclerotia were not usually formed in shake cultures. The ability of the fungus to use other carbon sources for growth and sclerotinm formation was tested at 12 g of C/l in the stationary mineral-salts medium. The highest weights of mycelia and sclerotia occurred with raffinose, sucrose, maltose, lactose, ])-mannose, D-glucose, ])-fructose or n-arabinose. Good growth but decreased sclerotium production were found on cellobiose and ])-xylose. l~educed or poor growth, a long lag period and few or no sclerotia occurred on trehalose, melibiose, L-sorbose, T.-rhamnose, ])-ribose, ])-arabinose, T.-xylose or 8 polyols. No growth was observed with erythritol or i-inositol. A combination of glucose plus trehalose or polyols resulted in increased growth and the formation of sclerotia. Organic acids supported little or no growth and no sclerotia were produced. Generally culture filtrates which supported growth and formation of sclerotia became acid (about pit 3.5). The pit of the culture filtrate usually increased slowly during the growth period when the fungus grew poorly and no sclerotia were formed. The alcoholsoluble sugars and polyols present in culture filtrates, mycelia and sclerotia were determined by paper and thin-layer chromatography. Regardless of the carbon source, malmitol was usually present in culture filtrates. The occurrence of other compounds in the filtrates depended on ~he carbon source. Trehalose, mannitol and usually small quantities of glucose or fructose were present in myeelia ~nd selerotia from all carbon sources. Galaetitol or pentitoIs occurred in mycelia and sclerotia when the fungus grew on galactose and oligosaccharides containing galactose or the corresponding pentose sugars. Acid hydrolyzates of the alcohol-insoluble fraction of mycelia or sclerotia contained glucose, smaller amounts of galactose and mannose and traces of ribose and rhamnose.
Selerotia of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) D By. placed on various nutrient media produce mycelia and sclerotia. If, however, sclerotia are placed on substrates such as moistened sand, water agar or water, they will, under proper conditions, produce stipes which bear apothecia (see for example Bedi, 1956b;Henderson, 1962; Purdy, 1956).
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