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Bifurcations in a nonlinear model of the baroreceptor-cardiac reflex

✍ Scribed by H. Seidel; H. Herzel

Publisher
Elsevier Science
Year
1998
Tongue
English
Weight
918 KB
Volume
115
Category
Article
ISSN
0167-2789

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✦ Synopsis

We investigate the dynamic properties of a nonlinear model of the human cardio-baroreceptor control loop. As a new feature we use a phase effectiveness curve to describe the experimentally well-known phase dependency of the cardiac pacemaker's sensitivity to neural activity. We show that an increase of sympathetic time delays leads via a Hopf bifurcation to sustained heart rate oscillations. For increasing baroreflex sensitivity or for repetitive vagal stimulation we observe period-doubling, toroidal oscillations, chaos, and entrainment between the rhythms of the heart and the control loop. The bifurcations depend crucially on the involvement of the cardiac pacemaker's phase dependency. We compare the model output with experimental data from electrically stimulated anesthetized dogs and discuss possible implications for cardiac arrhythmias.

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The authors have investigated bifurcation behaviour in vibrating structures where the discrete branches of the trajectories in the phase plane are so close that it could easily occur that their discrimination would not be achieved. The analysis of such subtle bifurcations required prior expectations