Contents......Page 6
Foreword......Page 9
Preface......Page 14
Acknowledgments......Page 20
Introduction......Page 24
The Costs and Benefits of Behavioral Flexibility......Page 28
Components of Phenotypic Flexibility, Including Behavioral Flexibility......Page 30
The Ecological Basis of Behavioral Flexibility......Page 32
Conclusions......Page 38
Introduction......Page 39
Dispersal as Flexible Behavior......Page 40
When to Disperse as an Assay for Demonstrating Behavioral Flexibility......Page 45
Toward a New Perspective on Behavioral Flexibility......Page 47
Why are There so Many Kinds of Behaviors?......Page 50
Conclusions......Page 51
Introduction......Page 52
Learning, Environmental Heterogeneity, and Behavioral Flexibility......Page 53
Fitness as a โFixed Budgetโ of Time and Energy Generating Signatures of Primate Behavior: The Temporal Component......Page 54
Social Parasitism as a Signature of Primates in Heterogeneous Regimes......Page 57
Negative Reinforcement as a Mechanism Of Exploitation in Heterogeneous Regimes......Page 63
โIndividualityโ as a Primate Signature Constraining the Evolution and Expression of Behavioral Flexibility and โTrueโ Sociality......Page 64
Conclusions......Page 66
Social Cognition as a Generator of Behavioral Flexibility......Page 67
Competitive Behavior and Resource Dispersion Related to Social Cognition......Page 72
Resolving Conflicts of Interest with Probabilistic Responses......Page 75
Conclusions......Page 78
Introduction......Page 80
Discrimination Abilities, Allocation Strategies, and Behavioral Flexibility of Female Primates......Page 81
Relative Reproductive Value as a Determinant of Behavioral Flexibility......Page 83
Alloparental Behaviors as an Example of the Flexibility of Responses by Female Primates......Page 89
Life History Tactics and the Evolution of Behavioral Flexibility......Page 93
Conclusions......Page 97
Introduction......Page 98
The โBranch-Breakโ Display of Male Mantled Howler Monkeys......Page 101
Investigating Behavioral Flexibility in Male Mantled Howler Monkeys: Study Sites, Procedures, and Definitions......Page 102
How Does the โBranch-Breakโ Display Demonstrate Behavioral Flexibility?......Page 103
Signaling Theory and Patterns of Branch-Breaking in Mantled Howler Monkeys......Page 106
The Influence of Females on Male Tactics and Strategies......Page 110
Conclusions......Page 111
Introduction......Page 112
A General Formulation for Antagonistic Coevolution between Males and Females......Page 115
The Extent and Limits of Extreme Selfishness: Forced Copulations by Males as an Indicator of Sexual Conflict......Page 118
Multiple Mating by Females as a Counterstrategy to Male Infanticide......Page 119
โFemale Dominanceโ in Primates: Counterstrategies that Benefit Females......Page 121
โSame Sex Partner Preferenceโ and Antagonistic Coevolution......Page 122
Conclusions......Page 125
Introduction......Page 127
Environmental and Phylogenetic Constraints on Behavioral Flexibility......Page 129
Sociosexual Organization in Primates: An Attempt at Classification......Page 133
Conclusions......Page 138
Introduction......Page 140
The Predictive Theory and Environmental Heterogeneity......Page 141
What Factors Constrain the Evolution of โTrueโ Social Behavior in Primates?......Page 145
To what Degree Does the Influence of โIndividualityโ Constrain the Evolution of Sociality in Humans?......Page 149
How Important is the Accuracy of a Flexible Behavioral Response?......Page 150
Toward an Uncertain Future: Behavioral Flexibility and the Conservation of Primate Biodiversity......Page 153
Conclusions......Page 155
C......Page 156
F......Page 157
M......Page 158
P......Page 159
R......Page 160
T......Page 161
References......Page 162
C......Page 197
M......Page 198
Y......Page 199