Atmospheric pressure photoionization mass spectrometry

✍ Scribed by Andrea Raffaelli; Alessandro Saba

• Publisher: John Wiley and Sons
• Year: 2003
• Tongue: English
• Weight: 245 KB
• Volume: 22
• Category: Article
• ISSN: 0277-7037
• DOI: 10.1002/mas.10060

✦ Synopsis

Abstract

|  I. | Introduction and Historical Background | 318 |
| II. | Short Theoretical Outline | 319 |
| | A.  The Use of a Dopant | 319 |
| |     1.  APPI–MS with a Dopant | 320 |
| | B.  Further Parallel Reactions in APPI–MS | 321 |
| III. | APPI Sources—Overview | 321 |
| | A.  In‐Line Geometry Source | 321 |
| | B.  Orthogonal Geometry Source | 323 |
| IV. | Factors that Influence the Performance of APPI | 323 |
| | A.  The Dopant | 323 |
| | B.  Mobile Phase Composition | 323 |
|  V. | Applications | 324 |
| | A.  Pharmaceutical and Drug Metabolism | 324 |
| |     1.  Non‐Steroidal Compounds | 325 |
| |     2.  Steroidal Compounds | 327 |
| | B.  Environmental | 327 |
| | C.  Natural Products | 328 |
| | D.  Synthetic Organics | 329 |
| VI. | Conclusions | 330 |
| Acknowledgments | 330 |
| References | 330 |

Atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI) is the last arrival in the family of atmospheric pressure ionization (API) methods to couple mass spectrometry (MS) to liquid‐phase separation techniques. The basic idea was to further extend the fields of application of liquid chromatography (LC)–MS to those molecules that are not, or are poorly amenable, to electrospray (ESI) or APCI. The present review explores the literature. After a short introduction with an historical background and the premises for its development, we describe the technique, its physical principles, and the factors that affect its efficiency. The review also presents a survey of applications in different fields. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., Mass Spec Rev 22:318–331, 2003; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mas.10060