Arterial Chemoreception: From Molecules to Systems

✍ Scribed by Gregg L. Semenza, Nanduri R. Prabhakar (auth.), Colin A. Nurse, Constancio Gonzalez, Chris Peers, Nanduri Prabhakar (eds.)

• Publisher: Springer Netherlands
• Year: 2012
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 399
• Series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 758
• Edition: 1
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

Arterial chemoreceptors are unique structures which continuously monitor changes in arterial blood oxygen, carbon dioxide, glucose, and acid. Alterations in these gases are almost instantaneously sensed by arterial chemoreceptors and relayed into a physiological response which restores blood homeostasis. Arterial Chemoreception contains updated material regarding the physiology of the primary arterial chemoreceptor; the carotid body. Moreover, this book also explores tantalizing evidence regarding the contribution of the aortic bodies, chromaffin cells, lung neuroepithelial bodies, and brainstem areas involved in monitoring changes in blood gases. Furthermore this collection includes data showing the critical importance of these chemoreceptors in the pathophysiology of human disease and possible therapeutic treatments. This book is a required text for any researcher in the field of arterial chemoreception for years to come. It is also a critical text for physicians searching for bench-to-bedside treatments for heart failure, sleep apnea, and pulmonary hypertension.

✦ Table of Contents

Front Matter....Pages i-xxiv
The Role of Hypoxia-Inducible Factors in Oxygen Sensing by the Carotid Body....Pages 1-5
Neuronal Mechanisms of Oxygen Chemoreception: An Invertebrate Perspective....Pages 7-17
Peripheral Chemoreceptors in Air- Versus Water- Breathers....Pages 19-27
Sex-Specific Effects of Daily Gavage with a Mixed Progesterone and Glucocorticoid Receptor Antagonist on Hypoxic Ventilatory Response in Newborn Rats....Pages 29-35
Age-Dependent Changes in Breathing Stability in Rats....Pages 37-41
Dose Dependent Effect of Progesterone on Hypoxic Ventilatory Response in Newborn Rats....Pages 43-48
Postnatal Hyperoxia Impairs Acute Oxygen Sensing of Rat Glomus Cells by Reduced Membrane Depolarization....Pages 49-54
Erythropoietin and the Sex-Dimorphic Chemoreflex Pathway....Pages 55-62
Time-Course of Ventilation, Arterial and Pulmonary CO 2 Tension During CO 2 Increase in Humans....Pages 63-70
Oxygen Sensitive Synaptic Neurotransmission in Anoxia-Tolerant Turtle Cerebrocortex....Pages 71-79
Ion Channel Regulation by the LKB1-AMPK Signalling Pathway: The Key to Carotid Body Activation by Hypoxia and Metabolic Homeostasis at the Whole Body Level....Pages 81-90
Anoxia Response in Physiological Potassium of the Isolated Inspiratory Center in Calibrated Newborn Rat Brainstem Slices....Pages 91-98
Hypoxic Redistribution of Iron and Calcium in the Cat Glomus Cells....Pages 99-103
Acute Hypoxia Does Not Influence Intracellular pH in Isolated Rat Carotid Body Type I Cells....Pages 105-107
Hydrogen Sulfide (H 2 S): A Physiologic Mediator of Carotid Body Response to Hypoxia....Pages 109-113
The Retrotrapezoid Nucleus and Breathing....Pages 115-122
The Interaction Between Low Glucose and Hypoxia in the in vitro , Rat Carotid Body....Pages 123-127
Do the Carotid Bodies Modulate Hypoglycemic Counterregulation and Baroreflex Control of Blood Pressure In Humans?....Pages 129-135
Shifting from Hypoxia to Hyperoxia to Assess the Peripheral Chemosensory Drive of Ventilation....Pages 137-142
CO 2 Signaling in Chemosensory Neuroepithelial Cells of the Zebrafish Gill Filaments: Role of Intracellular Ca 2+ and pH....Pages 143-148
Hyperplasia of Pulmonary Neuroepithelial Bodies (NEB) in Lungs of Prolyl Hydroxylase −1(PHD-1) Deficient Mice....Pages 149-155
Precision-Cut Vibratome Slices Allow Functional Live Cell Imaging of the Pulmonary Neuroepithelial Body Microenvironment in Fetal Mice....Pages 157-166
Oxygen Sensitivity of Gill Neuroepithelial Cells in the Anoxia-Tolerant Goldfish....Pages 167-172
Interaction of Hypoxia and Core Temperature: Potential Role of TRPV1....Pages 173-178
Neonatal Intermittent Hypoxia Induces Persistent Alteration of Baroreflex in Adult Male Rats....Pages 179-183
LPS-Induced c-Fos Activation in NTS Neurons and Plasmatic Cortisol Increases in Septic Rats Are Suppressed by Bilateral Carotid Chemodenervation....Pages 185-190
Developmental Regulation of Glucosensing in Rat Adrenomedullary Chromaffin Cells: Potential Role of the K ATP Channel....Pages 191-198
Contribution of Inflammation on Carotid Body Chemosensory Potentiation Induced by Intermittent Hypoxia....Pages 199-205
Spexin Is Expressed in the Carotid Body and Is Upregulated by Postnatal Hyperoxia Exposure....Pages 207-213
Cyclic AMP and Epac Contribute to the Genesis of the Positive Interaction Between Hypoxia and Hypercapnia in the Carotid Body....Pages 215-223
Interactions Between Postnatal Sustained Hypoxia and Intermittent Hypoxia in the Adulthood to Alter Brainstem Structures and Respiratory Function....Pages 225-231
Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in the Nucleus Tractus Solitarii Modulates Glucose Homeostasis After Carotid Chemoreceptor Stimulation in Rats....Pages 233-239
Hydrogen Sulfide Acting at the Carotid Body and Elsewhere in the Organism....Pages 241-247
Purinergic Modulation of Carotid Body Glomus Cell Hypoxia Response During Postnatal Maturation in Rats....Pages 249-253
Serotonin Dynamics and Actions in the Rat Carotid Body: Preliminary Findings....Pages 255-263
Human Carotid Body HIF and NGB Expression During Human Development and Aging....Pages 265-271
Propranolol Does Not Affect the Hindlimb Vasodilatation Elicited by Stimulation of Superior Laryngeal Nerve Paraganglia....Pages 273-277
ATP Release from the Carotid Bodies of DBA/2J and A/J Inbred Mouse Strains....Pages 279-285
Effect of Oxygen on Phosphodiesterases (PDE) 3 and 4 Isoforms and PKA Activity in the Superior Cervical Ganglia....Pages 287-294
Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia Alters Genioglossus Motor Unit Discharge Patterns in the Anaesthetized Rat....Pages 295-300
Upregulation of Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase Activating Polypeptide and Its Receptor Expression in the Rat Carotid Body in Chronic and Intermittent Hypoxia....Pages 301-306
Rabbit Ventilatory Responses to Peripheral Chemoexcitators: Effects of Chronic Hypoxia....Pages 307-313
Effect of Chronic Caffeine Intake on Carotid Body Catecholamine Dynamics in Control and Chronically Hypoxic Rats....Pages 315-323
Effects of Cigarette Smoke and Chronic Hypoxia on Ventilation in Guinea Pigs. Clinical Significance....Pages 325-332
Some Reflections on Intermittent Hypoxia. Does it Constitute the Translational Niche for Carotid Body Chemoreceptor Researchers?....Pages 333-342
Role of Central/Peripheral Chemoreceptors and Their Interdependence in the Pathophysiology of Sleep Apnea....Pages 343-349
Physiologic Basis for Intermittent Hypoxic Episodes in Preterm Infants....Pages 351-358
Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia Increases Apnoea Index in Sleeping Rats....Pages 359-363
Contribution of TASK-Like Potassium Channels to the Enhanced Rat Carotid Body Responsiveness to Hypoxia....Pages 365-371
Antioxidation and the Hypoxic Ventilatory Response....Pages 373-380
Differential Regulation of Tyrosine Hydroxylase by Continuous and Intermittent Hypoxia....Pages 381-385
Heart Failure and Carotid Body Chemoreception....Pages 387-395
Back Matter....Pages 397-406

✦ Subjects

Biomedicine general; Human Physiology; Neurosciences