Cytotoxicity is a major effector function of CD8 + T cells. Although mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP kinase)/extracellular regulatory kinase (ERK) activity is indispensable for cytotoxic activity of most CD8 + T cells a portion of CD8 + T cells appears resistant to MEK inhibition as cytotoxici
Activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases/extracellular signal-regulated kinases in human hepatocellular carcinoma
β Scribed by Yoshiki Ito; Yutaka Sasaki; Masayoshi Horimoto; Shigeo Wada; Yoshio Tanaka; Akinori Kasahara; Takahiro Ueki; Tadamichi Hirano; Hidenao Yamamoto; Jiro Fujimoto; Eizo Okamoto; Norio Hayashi; Masatsugu Hori
- Publisher
- John Wiley and Sons
- Year
- 1998
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 143 KB
- Volume
- 27
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0270-9139
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β¦ Synopsis
Abbreviations: MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase; ERK, extracellular signalregulated kinase; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; T/N ratio, tumor (HCC) versus non-tumor (non-cancerous counterpart) ratio.
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## Abstract ## BACKGROUND The mitogenβactivated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade is activated in response to various extracellular stimuli. The authors investigated the involvement of the p38 MAPK, a member of the MAPK superfamily, cascade in hepatoma cell lines and in human hepatocellular carcinoma