Abstract
The melting transition of DNA in alkaline CsCl can be followed in the analytical ultracentrifuge. Equilibrium partially denatured states can be observed. These partially denatured DNA bands have bandwidths of up to several times those of native DNA. Less stable molecules melt early and are found at heavier densities in the melting region.
An idealized ultracentrifuge melting transition is described. The melting transition of singly nicked PMβ2 DNA resembles the idealized curve. The DNA profile is a Gaussian band at all points in the melt. DNA's from mouse, D. Melanogaster, M. lysodeikticus, T4, and T7 also show equilibrium bands at partially denatured densities, some of which are highly asymmetric. Simple sequence satellite DNA shows an allβorβnone transition with no equilibrium bands at partially denatured densities.
The temperature at which a DNA denatures is an increasing function of the (G + C) content of the DNA. The T~m~ does not show a molecularβweight dependence in the range 1.2 Γ 10^6^β1.5 Γ 10^7^ daltons (single strand) for mouse, M. lysodeikticus, or T4 DNA. The mouse DNA partially denatured bands do not change shape as a function of molecular weight. The T4 DNA intermediate band develops a lateβmelting tail at low molecular weight. M. lysodeikticus DNA bands at partially denatured densities become broader as the molecular weight is decreased. Mouse DNA is resolved into six Gaussian components at each point in the melting transition.