The Two Goal Approach was applied to the maximization of fly ash quantity (i.e. minimization of energy consumption) in producing cement of acceptable mechanical characteristics.Mathematical model of the optimization problem consists of two objective functions; a requirement concerning ash quantity a
97/02819 Potential use of fly ash in Colombian blended cements
- Publisher
- Elsevier Science
- Year
- 1997
- Weight
- 204 KB
- Volume
- 38
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0140-6701
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โฆ Synopsis
By-products related to fuels 97102816
New knowledge about effects of bituminous coal fly ash in concrete Haerdtl, R. ef al. VGB Krafiwerkstech., 1996, 76, (II), 953-956. (In German) The results of studies into the reaction of bituminous coal fly ash in concrete are reported, with specific focus on the mechanisms during the pozzolanic reaction of the fly ash and the resulting changes to the concrete structure. The investigation covered eight different cements representing the types of cement most commonly used in Germany.
97102817
Performance and durability of concrete made with demolition waste and artificial fly ash-clay aggregates Zakaria, M. and Cabrera, J. G. Wusre Wanage, 1996, 16, (l-3), 151-158. Two replacements of natural aggregates under consideration for concrete production are demolition aggregates and artificial aggregates made with waste materials. A laboratory study on the use of demolition waste and artificial aggregates made from fly ash-clay mixtures as coarse aggregates to make concrete is presented. The concretes made either with demolition waste or artificial aggregates are compared with a control mix made with natural gravel aggregates.
The strength and durability characteristics of these concretes are evaluated using as a criteria compressive strength and transport properties. Concretes of good performance and durability can be produced using aggregates from demolition rubble or using artificial aggregates made with wastes such as fly ash.
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Results of thermogravimetric tests on hardened cement pastes containing fly ash are reported. Ashes derived from subbituminous and lignite coal were used at replacement levels of 30~c and 50~ by weight. Thermal analysis was performed on samples which were water cured for various ages from 3 days to
Clinker raw material mixtures made from the combination of three different coal ashes with clays and carbonates were studied for their chemical and mineralogical characteristics on calcination. Using different combinations of ash with other raw materials, it was possible to produce a mixture with th
This review contains 48 references and presents in chronological order the art of ash deposition while firing coal, the mechanistic approach to the problem, the recent introduction of sophisticated analytical procedures, and modelling of mineral transformations, and ash deposition underway. The adap