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4-Hydroxynonenal induces dysfunction and apoptosis of cultured endothelial cells

✍ Scribed by Uta Herbst; Michal Toborek; Simone Kaiser; Mark P. Mattson; Bernhard Hennig

Publisher: John Wiley and Sons
Year: 1999
Tongue: English
Weight: 259 KB
Volume: 181
Category: Article
ISSN: 0021-9541
DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4652(199911)181:2<295::aid-jcp11>3.0.co;2-i

No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.

✦ Synopsis

Lipolytic products of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, i.e., free fatty acids, may cause activation and dysfunction of the vascular endothelium. Mechanisms of these effects may include lipid peroxidation. One of the major and biologically active products of peroxidation of n-6 fatty acids, such as linoleic acid or arachidonic acid, is the aldehyde 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE). To study the hypothesis that HNE may be a critical factor in endothelial cell dysfunction caused by free fatty acids, human umbilical endothelial cells (HUVEC) were treated with up to160 M of linoleic or arachidonic acid. HNE formation was detected by immunocytochemistry in cells treated for 24 h with either fatty acid, but more markedly with arachidonic acid. To study the cellulareffects of HNE, HUVEC were treated with different concentrations of this aldehyde, and several markers of endothelial cell dysfunction were determined. Exposure to HNE for 6 and 9 h resulted in increased cellular oxidative stress. However, short time treatment with HNE did not cause activation of nuclear factor-B (NF-B). In addition, HUVEC exposure to HNE caused a dose-dependent decrease in production of both interleukin-8 (IL-8) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). On the other hand, HNE exerted prominent cytotoxic effects in cultured HUVEC, manifested by morphological changes, diminished cellular viability, and impaired endothelial barrier function. Furthermore, HNE treatment induced apoptosis of HUVEC. These data provide evidence that HNE does not contribute to NF-B-related mechanisms of the inflammatory response in HUVEC, but rather to endothelial dysfunction, cytotoxicity, and apoptotic cell death.

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