X & Y Chromosomal Variations: Hormones, Brain Development, and Neurodevelopmental Performance (Colloquium the Developing Brain)

✍ Scribed by Carole A Samango-Sprouse, Andrea L Gropman

• Publisher: Morgan & Claypool
• Year: 2016
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 138
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

This is the first book on X and Y chromosomal disorders to address these common but rarely diagnosed conditions. This book seeks to present the latest in research and clinical care addressing neuroimaging, the interaction between hormones, brain development, and neurodevelopmental progression. This book will primarily focus on 47, XXY (Klinefelter syndrome, or KS), 47, XYY (Jacobs' syndrome), and 47, XXX (Triple X). More variant disorders such as 48, XXXX, 48, XXXY and 49, XXXXY will be discussed. Topics of interest include neurological functioning, neuroimaging, social language, and the evolving perspectives of these XY chromosomal disorders. The effects of testosterone supplementation in males with 47, XXY will also be examined.

✦ Table of Contents

Dedication
Acknowledgments
Introduction
Meiosis and Mitosis
Testosterone and 47, XXY
3.1 Testosterone and XXY
3.2 Summary
Endocrinological Issues and Hormonal Manipulation in Children and Men With Klinefelter Syndrome
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Materials and Methods
4.3 Results
4.3.1 Diagnosis of 47, XXY
4.3.2 Life-Long Principles of Evaluation and Management of 47, XXY (KS) Patients
4.3.3 Postnatal Testosterone Surge
4.3.4 Sexual Development
4.3.5 Leydig Cell Dysfunction in Klinefelter Syndrome
4.3.6 KS and Infertility
4.3.7 Role and Effects of TRT and Aromatase Inhibitors
4.3.8 Partial Androgen Resistance and Compliance
4.3.9 Outcomes with TRT and Aromatase Inhibitors
4.4 Future Developments
4.5 Conclusion
4.6 Acknowledgments
Neurological Functioning in 47, XXY
5.1 Brain Development
5.2 Neurological Examination in Boys with XXY
5.3 Cognitive Profile
5.4 Psychiatric Disorders and X Chromosome Disorders
5.5 Summary
Neuroimaging in XY Chromosomal Disorders
6.1 Neuroimaging
6.2 Gender Differences in Brain Development
6.3 47, XXY and Neuroimaging Findings
6.4 Epigenetic and Genetic Influences on Brain Development
6.5 47, XXX and Neuroimaging Findings
6.6 Neuroimaging Findings and XYY
6.7 49, XXXXY and Neuroimaging Findings
6.8 The Extra X vs. The Extra Y
6.9 Conclusions
The Evolving Perspective on X and Y Disorders
7.1 Early International Studies
7.2 Growth
7.3 Motor Development
7.4 Speech and Language
7.5 Temperament
7.6 Conclusion
Infant Development in X and Y Chromosomal Disorders
8.1  Progression of Neuromotor Skills
8.2  Symmetry and Movement
8.3  Timing of Physical Therapy
8.4  Speech and Language Development
8.5  Speech and Language Dysfunction: Symptoms of XY chromosomal disorder
8.6  Temperament
8.7  Summary
Phenotype and Developmental Progression of X and Y Chromosomal Variations
9.1  47, XXY
9.2  ADHD
9.3  Reading Function
9.4  Speech and Language
9.5  Biological Treatment
9.6  Behavioral Issues
9.7  47, XYY
9.8  47, XXX
9.9  Summary of Developmental Progression in X and Y Chromosomal Disorders
Social Language in X and Y Chromosomal Variations
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Social Language and Cognition within Autistic Diagnoses
10.3 47, XXX (Triple X, Trisomy X)
10.4 48, XXXX (Tetra X)
10.5 Social Language Development in Variant Forms of XY chromosomal disorders
10.6 Conclusions for Communication Improvement in Children with XY Variants
10.7 The Social Profile of 47, XXY
10.8 The Social Profile of 47, XYY
10.9 Conclusions for 47, XXY and 47, XYY
Conclusions
References
Author Biographies