Cover......Page 0
What Every Engineer Should Know about Software Engineering......Page 6
ISBN-13: 9780849372285......Page 7
What Every Engineer Should Know: Series Statement......Page 8
How is this book different from other software engineering books?......Page 10
Did anyone help you with this book?......Page 11
Are there copyrights and trademarks to be cited?......Page 12
Can you tell me about yourself?......Page 13
Table of Contents......Page 14
What is software engineering?......Page 18
What is the difference between software engineering and systems engineering?......Page 19
What is the role of the software engineer?......Page 20
What kind of education do software engineers need?......Page 21
Why are there so many software engineers without the proper education?......Page 22
There are many proprietary certifications for software engineering practitioners. Are any of these valuable to a software engineer?......Page 23
Are there standards for software engineering practices, documentation, and so forth?......Page 24
Product Standards......Page 25
What is the Software Engineering Body of Knowledge?......Page 26
Are there any “fundamental theorems” of software engineering?......Page 28
Why is software so buggy and unreliable?......Page 29
Aren’t errors an unavoidable side effect of software development?......Page 30
1.5 Further Reading......Page 31
2.1 Introduction......Page 32
What is “software reliability”?......Page 33
What is a “bathtub curve”?......Page 34
How do we characterize software usability?......Page 36
What are the advantages of an open system?......Page 37
What is “verifiability”?......Page 38
Are there other software qualities?......Page 39
Isn’t every software process model just an abstraction?......Page 40
How many phases should the waterfall model have?......Page 41
What happens during the software design phase of the waterfall process model?......Page 43
What happens during the testing phase of the waterfall process model?......Page 44
What is the V model for software?......Page 45
What is the spiral model for software?......Page 46
What are evolutionary models?......Page 47
Why use the incremental model?......Page 48
Where is the UPM used?......Page 49
What is Extreme Programming?......Page 50
What are some of the practices of XP?......Page 51
When should agile methodologies be used?......Page 52
All of these process models look rather simplistic, artificial, or too prescriptive. Should they really be used?......Page 53
What is the DOD-STD-498 standard?......Page 54
What is in the ISO 9000-3 standard?......Page 55
What is ISO/IEC standard 12207?......Page 56
2.5 Further Reading......Page 57
3.1 Introduction......Page 60
What are the core requirements engineering activities?......Page 61
What are user requirements specifications?......Page 62
What are functional requirements?......Page 63
What are design constraint requirements?......Page 64
What is requirements elicitation?......Page 65
What is JAD?......Page 66
What are some of the ground rules for JAD sessions?......Page 67
What is QFD?......Page 68
But doesn’t the customer have to have teaching ability for this technique to work?......Page 69
Why can’t requirements just be communicated in English?......Page 70
What is a structured language specification?......Page 71
What are use cases?......Page 72
What are user stories?......Page 73
What are informal and semiformal methods?......Page 74
What are some of the formal methods techniques?......Page 75
How are FSAs represented?......Page 76
Can you give an example of an FSM?......Page 77
Can you give an example of a Mealy machine?......Page 78
What are statecharts?......Page 79
What is the advantage of using statecharts over FSMs?......Page 80
What is a chain reaction?......Page 81
When are petri nets used in requirements analysis and specification?......Page 82
Are their drawbacks to the use of formal methods?......Page 83
What is structured analysis and structured design?......Page 86
Can you give an example of SA?......Page 87
When is it appropriate to use OOA vs. SA?......Page 88
Who uses the requirements documents?......Page 89
How do you represent specific requirements in the SRS?......Page 90
What does a traceability matrix look like?......Page 92
Are there special challenges when engineers specify software systems?......Page 93
What wording is appropriate in requirements specifications?......Page 94
What is requirements triage?......Page 95
How are requirements validated?......Page 96
How does the tool measure specification depth?......Page 97
3.8 Further Reading......Page 98
4.1 Introduction......Page 100
What are the principal activities of software design?......Page 101
Can modular design lead to separation of concerns?......Page 102
What is cohesion?......Page 103
What is coupling?......Page 105
How do I do Parnas partitioning?......Page 107
Can you give an example of Parnas partitioning?......Page 108
How does incrementality manifest in software design?......Page 109
What are some typical software architectures?......Page 110
How do I go from SA to SD?......Page 111
Can you give an example?......Page 113
What is a data dictionary?......Page 114
Are there any problems with SDs?......Page 115
Can I use FSMs to derive a design?......Page 116
What is OOD?......Page 117
The Liskov Substitution Principle......Page 118
How does the UML help us with software design?......Page 119
What is the UML 2.0?......Page 120
What are the benefits of patterns?......Page 121
What are the “GRASP” patterns?......Page 122
What are structural patterns?......Page 125
How do I achieve traceability from requirements through design and testing?......Page 126
4.6 Further Reading......Page 128
5.1 Introduction......Page 130
So how many programming languages are there?......Page 131
Then what are object-oriented languages?......Page 132
What do you mean by visible features of programming languages?......Page 133
What about global variables?......Page 134
Are there any drawbacks to recursive algorithm formulations?......Page 135
What is meant by “strong typing” in a programming language?......Page 136
Which languages have the best exception handling facilities?......Page 137
Do object-oriented languages support a form of modularity?......Page 138
Is Ada still used?......Page 139
C is my favorite programming language. When can it be used?......Page 140
When should C++ be used?......Page 141
What about Java?......Page 142
What are the differences between Java and C++?......Page 143
It’s pretty easy to learn an object-oriented language, isn’t it?......Page 144
What is a compiler?......Page 145
Can you describe further the compilation process?......Page 146
Do you have any debugging tips?......Page 147
Is there any way to automatically debug code?......Page 148
What is a source code control system?......Page 149
What are in-circuit emulators?......Page 150
What about other tools?......Page 151
What is the conditional logic code smell?......Page 152
What are data clumps?......Page 153
What are dubious constraints?......Page 154
What are lazy methods and lazy procedure?......Page 155
What is the one big loop code smell and how is it refactored?......Page 156
What are tell-tale comments?......Page 157
How can I improve the run-time performance of the code I write?......Page 158
What do coding standards look like?......Page 159
5.5 Further Reading......Page 160
6.1 Introduction......Page 162
What is software quality?......Page 163
What is the history of the CMM?......Page 164
What are the levels of CMM?......Page 165
What is CMM Level 2?......Page 166
What is CMM Level 4?......Page 167
How can my organization use the CMM?......Page 168
Are there “conventional” objections to using the CMM?......Page 169
What is ISO 9000?......Page 170
Are there any similarities between ISO 9000-3 and CMM?......Page 171
What is Six Sigma?......Page 172
How does ITIL help with software quality management?......Page 173
without triggering a slash-and-burn frenzy?......Page 174
What is the role of testing with respect to software quality?......Page 175
What is a good test?......Page 176
What is unit level testing?......Page 177
What is boundary value testing?......Page 178
Are there any disadvantages to black box testing?......Page 179
What is DU path testing?......Page 180
What is formal program proving?......Page 181
What is bottom-up testing?......Page 182
What kinds of interfaces can be tested?......Page 184
What kinds of errors can occur at the interfaces?......Page 186
How can clusters of cooperating objects be tested?......Page 187
What is beta testing?......Page 188
What is software fault injection?......Page 189
How do I write a test plan?......Page 190
What are some motivations for measurement?......Page 191
What is the delta lines of code metric?......Page 192
Can you help me visualize the cyclomatic complexity?......Page 193
What are Halstead’s metrics?......Page 194
What are the primary drivers for FPs?......Page 195
What are feature points?......Page 196
What are commonly used class level metrics?......Page 197
What are use case points?......Page 198
Can you give a simple example?......Page 199
What are recovery blocks?......Page 200
What are software black boxes?......Page 201
Should built-in-test software test memory?......Page 202
What is an appropriate model for software reengineering?......Page 203
Since you like models so much, can you give me a maintenance process model?......Page 204
What is software reuse?......Page 205
Are there special techniques for achieving reuse in procedural languages?......Page 206
What is the “Second System Effect?”......Page 207
6.7 Further Reading......Page 208
7.1 Introduction......Page 210
How does team chemistry involve software projects?......Page 211
What is Theory X?......Page 212
What is Theory W?......Page 213
What is Principle Centered Leadership?......Page 214
How do I deal with difficult people?......Page 215
The principle of job matching:......Page 216
I want to select the right people, but how is it done in the software industry?......Page 217
You don’t seem to like these tests. How do I assess the potential of a candidate besides checking references?......Page 218
How should I reference-check a potential hire?......Page 219
How do I manage agile development teams?......Page 220
What is a project?......Page 221
What does the software project manager control?......Page 222
How does the project manager put all of these control factors together?......Page 223
What is a work breakdown structure and why is it important to project tracking?......Page 224
What is a Gantt chart?......Page 225
How can the Gantt chart be used for ongoing project management?......Page 226
What are the steps in CPM planning?......Page 227
Can you illustrate the technique using the baggage inspection system?......Page 228
Are there any downsides to using PERT?......Page 229
What is basic COCOMO?......Page 231
What about the intermediate and detailed COCOMO models?......Page 232
What is the effort adjustment factor?......Page 233
What is COCOMO II?......Page 234
What is WEBMO?......Page 236
What is an example of a project ROI justification?......Page 237
What is NPV and how can I use it?......Page 238
What is an IRR?......Page 239
How can using PI suboptimize the decision?......Page 240
What is discounted payback?......Page 241
Is there a predictive model for the likelihood of any of these risks?......Page 242
Do you have any other advice about management risk in software projects?......Page 243
7.8 Further Reading......Page 245
What is OSS?......Page 248
What kinds of code can be found as open source?......Page 249
Who contributes to OSS systems?......Page 250
What is software evolution?......Page 251
How does software requirements engineering occur in OSS?......Page 252
What is software archeology?......Page 253
Can you give an example of an archeological study?......Page 254
What is outsourcing?......Page 259
To whom should you outsource?......Page 260
When should outsourcing be done and at what stage of the process?......Page 261
Do you have any rules of thumb for outsourcing and offshoring?......Page 262
What software process can be used for GSD?......Page 263
What are the challenges for GSD?......Page 264
8.5 Further Reading......Page 265
A.1.2 Scope......Page 268
Detention basin......Page 269
Wet well......Page 270
A.2.1 Wet Well Overview......Page 271
Pump Control Unit......Page 273
Control Display Panel......Page 274
A.2.3 Product Functions......Page 275
A.3.1 External Interface Requirements......Page 276
A.3.2.1 Pump Control Unit......Page 277
A.3.2.2 Control Display Panel......Page 278
A.3.2.5 Methane Sensor......Page 279
A.4 References......Page 280
B.1.2 Scope......Page 282
B.2.1 Wet Well Overview......Page 283
B.3.1 Class Model......Page 285
B.3.2.1 CWetWellSimulator......Page 289
B.3.2.3 CXmlData......Page 290
B.3.2.4 CWetWellSimulationData......Page 291
B.3.2.9 CMethaneState......Page 292
Methane Sensors Reliability......Page 295
Methane Sensor Reading Period......Page 296
B.3.2.14 CWaterSensorRelay......Page 297
B.3.2.16 CPumpSensor......Page 298
B.3.2.18 CVentilationState......Page 299
B.3.3 Sequence Diagram......Page 300
B.4 References......Page 302
Appendix C: Object Models for a Wastewater Pumping Station Wet Well Control System......Page 304
Index......Page 310