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Water-Tolerant and Reusable Catalysts for Direct Ester Condensation between Equimolar Amounts of Carboxylic Acids and Alcohols

✍ Scribed by Masaya Nakayama; Atsushi Sato; Kazuaki Ishihara; Hisashi Yamamoto

Publisher: John Wiley and Sons
Year: 2004
Tongue: English
Weight: 131 KB
Volume: 346
Category: Article
ISSN: 1615-4150
DOI: 10.1002/adsc.200404149

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✦ Synopsis

Abstract

ZrOCl~2~⋅8 H~2~O and HfOCl~2~⋅8 H~2~O are highly effective, water‐tolerant, and reusable homogeneous catalysts for direct ester condensation between equimolar amounts of carboxylic acids and alcohols. Notably, zirconium(IV) salts such as ZrOCl~2~⋅8 H~2~O and Zr(OAc)~x~(OH)~y~ are potential green catalysts due to their low toxicity, commercial availability at low cost, ease of handling, high catalytic activity, and reusability.

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