Cover
Title
Copyright
Preface
About the Authors
Contents in Brief
Contents (direct linking)
1. The Environmental Challenges We Face
Human Impacts on the Environment
EnviroDiscovery 1.1: Green Roofs
Sustainability and the Environment
Environmental Science
How We Handle Environmental Problems
EnviroDiscovery 1.2: Getting Past NIMBY
Case Study 1.1: The New Orleans Disaster
Summary
Critical Thinking Questions
2. Sustainability and Human Values
Human Use of the Earth
Human Values and Environmental Problems
Environmental Justice
An Overall Plan for Sustainable Living
Case Study 2.1: The Loess Plateau in China
Summary
Critical Thinking Questions
3. Environmental History, Politics, and Economics
Conservation and Preservation of Resources
Environmental History
EnviroDiscovery 3.1: Environmental Literacy
Environmental Legislation
Environmental Economics
Case Study 3.1: Tradable Permits and Acid Rain
Summary
Critical Thinking Questions
4. Risk Analysis and Environmental Health Hazards
A Perspective on Risks
Environmental Health Hazards
Movement and Fate of Toxicants
Determining Health Effects of Pollutants
EnviroDiscovery 4.1: Smoking: A Significant Risk
The Precautionary Principle
Case Study 4.1: Endocrine Disrupters
Summary
Critical Thinking Questions
5. How Ecosystems Work
What Is Ecology?
The Flow of Energy Through Ecosystems
The Cycling of Matter in Ecosystems
Ecological Niches
WHAT A SCIENTIST SEES 5.1: Resource Partitioning
Interactions Among Organisms
EnviroDiscovery 5.1: Bee Colonies Under Threat
Case Study 5.1: Global Climate Change: How Does It Affect the Carbon Cycle?
Summary
Critical Thinking Questions
6. Ecosystems and Evolution
Factors That Shape Biomes
Describing Earthโs Major Biomes
EnviroDiscovery 6.1: Using Goats to Fight Fires
Aquatic Ecosystems
WHAT A SCIENTIST SEES 6.1: Zonation in a Large Lake
Population Responses to Changing Conditions over Time: Evolution
Community Responses to Changing Conditions over Time: Succession
Case Study 6.1: Wildfires
Summary
Critical Thinking Questions
7. Human Population Change and the Environment
Population Ecology
Human Population Patterns
Demographics of Countries
Stabilizing World Population
EnviroDiscovery 7.1: Microcredit Programs
WHAT A SCIENTIST SEES 7.1: Education and Fertility
Population and Urbanization
Case Study 7.1: Urban Planning in Curitiba, Brazil
Summary
Critical Thinking Questions
8. Air and Air Pollution
The Atmosphere
Types and Sources of Air Pollution
WHAT A SCIENTIST SEES 8.1: Air Pollution from Volcanoes
Effects of Air Pollution
EnviroDiscovery 8.1: Air Pollution May Affect Precipitation
Controlling Air Pollutants
Indoor Air Pollution
Case Study 8.1: Curbing Air Pollution in Chattanooga
Summary
Critical Thinking Questions
9. Global Atmospheric Changes
The Atmosphere and Climate
WHAT A SCIENTIST SEES 9.1: Rain Shadow
Global Climate Change
Ozone Depletion in the Stratosphere
EnviroDiscovery 9.1: Links Between Climate and Atmospheric Change
Acid Deposition
Case Study 9.1: International Implications of Global Climate Change
Summary
Critical Thinking Questions
10. Freshwater Resources and Water Pollution
The Importance of Water
Water Resource Problems
Water Management
Water Pollution
WHAT A SCIENTIST SEES 10.1: Oligotrophic and Eutrophic Lakes
Improving Water Quality
Case Study 10.1: Chinaโs Three Gorges Dam
Summary
Critical Thinking Questions
11. The Ocean and Fisheries
The Global Ocean
Major Ocean Life Zones
EnviroDiscovery 11.1: Otters in Trouble
Human Impacts on the Ocean
What a Scientist Sees 11.1: Modern Commercial Fishing Methods
WHAT A SCIENTIST SEES 11.2: Ocean Warming and Coral Bleaching
Addressing Ocean Problems
Case study 11.1: The Dead Zone in the Gulf of Mexico
Summary
Critical Thinking Questions
12. Mineral and Soil Resources
Plate Tectonics and the Rock Cycle
Economic Geology: Useful Minerals
Environmental Implications of Mineral Use
EnviroDiscovery 12.1: Not-So-Precious Gold
Soil Properties and Processes
WHAT A SCIENTIST SEES 12.1: Soil Profile
Soil Problems and Conservation
Case study 12.1: Coping with โConflict Mineralsโ
Summary
Critical Thinking Questions
13. Land Resources
Land Use in the United States
Forests and Forest Management
EnviroDiscovery 13.1: Ecologically Certified Wood
What a Scientist Sees 13.1: Harvesting Trees
Deforestation
Rangelands
National Parks and Wilderness Areas
Conservation of Land Resources
Case Study 13.1: The Tongass Debate over Clear-Cutting
Summary
Critical Thinking Questions
14. Agriculture and Food Resources
World Food Problems
The Principal Types of Agriculture
Challenges of Producing More Crops and Livestock
Solutions to Agricultural Problems
Controlling Agricultural Pests
What a Scientist Sees 14.1: Pesticide Use and New Pest Species
Case Study 14.1: Organic Agriculture
Summary
Critical Thinking Questions
15. Biodiversity and Conservation
Species Richness and Biological Diversity
Endangered and Extinct Species
EnviroDiscovery 15.1: Is Your Coffee Bird Friendlyยฎ?
What a Scientist Sees 15.1: Where Is Declining Biological Diversity the Most Serious?
Conservation Biology
Conservation Policies and Laws
Case Study 15.1: The Challenges of Protecting Rare Species
Summary
Critical Thinking Questions
16. Solid and Hazardous Waste
Solid Waste
What a Scientist Sees 16.1: Sanitary Landfills
EnviroDiscovery 16.1: The U.S.โChina Recycling Connection
Reducing Solid Waste
Hazardous Waste
EnviroDiscovery 16.2: Handling Nanotechnology Safely
Managing Hazardous Waste
Case Study 16.1: High-Tech Waste
Summary
Critical Thinking Questions
17. Nonrenewable Energy Resources
Energy Consumption
Coal
Oil and Natural Gas
Nuclear Energy
EnviroDiscovery 17.1: A Nuclear Waste Nightmare
WHAT A SCIENTIST SEES 17.1: Yucca Mountain
Case Study 17.1: The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge
Summary
Critical Thinking Questions
18. Renewable Energy Resources
Direct Solar Energy
WHAT A SCIENTIST SEES 18.1: Photovoltaic Cells
Indirect Solar Energy
Other Renewable Energy Sources
Energy Solutions: Conservation and Efficiency
EnviroDiscovery 18.1: Deep Energy Retrofits
Case Study 18.1: Green Architecture
Summary
Critical Thinking Questions
Appendix: Graphing
Glossary
Index
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