Variations in maternal care associated with differences in female rat reproductive behavior in a group-mating environment

The programming of individual difference

The programming of individual differences in defensive responses and reproductive strategies in the rat through variations in maternal care

✍ Nicole M. Cameron; Frances A. Champagne; Carine Parent; Eric W. Fish; Kumi Ozaki 📂 Article 📅 2005 🏛 Elsevier Science 🌐 English ⚖ 323 KB

There are profound maternal effects on individual differences in defensive responses and reproductive strategies in species ranging literally from plants to insects to birds. Maternal effects commonly reflect the quality of the environment and are most likely mediated by the quality of the maternal