McCredie and Reid [(1978): J Pediatr 92: 76!2-7651 described an association of diaphragmatic hernia and upper limb deficiencies. Lerone et al. [(1992): Am J Med Genet 445427-8291 recently described a new case with this combination. We present an epidemiological study using two analytic methods with
VACTERL as primary, polytopic developmental field defects
✍ Scribed by Mart�nez-Fr�as, Mar�a Luisa; Fr�as, Jaime L.
- Publisher
- John Wiley and Sons
- Year
- 1999
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 23 KB
- Volume
- 83
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0148-7299
- DOI
- 10.1002/(sici)1096-8628(19990305)83:1<13::aid-ajmg4>3.0.co;2-x
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
✦ Synopsis
Previously we proposed that the VACTERL association represents a dysmorphogenetic response of the primary developmental field, i.e., polytopic developmental field defects (DFD). As such, it should conform to the essential attributes of a DFD, namely, heterogeneity, homology, and phylogeneity. To study its heterogeneity, we analyzed the data of the Spanish Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations (ECEMC). Our results confirm the observations indicating that the different patterns of defects that constitute this entity are not only clinically variable but also causally heterogeneous. This causal heterogeneity, which is of crucial importance in defining developmental fields, gives additional credence to the hypothesis that VACTERL constitutes a primary
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