User-Steered Image Segmentation Paradigms: Live Wire and Live Lane
✍ Scribed by Alexandre X. Falcão; Jayaram K. Udupa; Supun Samarasekera; Shoba Sharma; Bruce Elliot Hirsch; Roberto de A. Lotufo
- Publisher
- Elsevier Science
- Year
- 1998
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 858 KB
- Volume
- 60
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 1077-3169
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
✦ Synopsis
In multidimensional image analysis, there are, and will continue to be, situations wherein automatic image segmentation methods fail, calling for considerable user assistance in the process. The main goals of segmentation research for such situations ought to be (i) to provide effective control to the user on the segmentation process while it is being executed, and (ii) to minimize the total user's time required in the process. With these goals in mind, we present in this paper two paradigms, referred to as live wire and live lane, for practical image segmentation in large applications. For both approaches, we think of the pixel vertices and oriented edges as forming a graph, assign a set of features to each oriented edge to characterize its "boundariness," and transform feature values to costs. We provide training facilities and automatic optimal feature and transform selection methods so that these assignments can be made with consistent effectiveness in any application. In live wire, the user first selects an initial point on the boundary. For any subsequent point indicated by the cursor, an optimal path from the initial point to the current point is found and displayed in real time. The user thus has a live wire on hand which is moved by moving the cursor. If the cursor goes close to the boundary, the live wire snaps onto the boundary. At this point, if the live wire describes the boundary appropriately, the user deposits the cursor which now becomes the new starting point and the process continues. A few points (livewire segments) are usually adequate to segment the whole 2D boundary. In live lane, the user selects only the initial point. Subsequent points are selected automatically as the cursor is moved within a lane surrounding the boundary whose width changes 233