Use of the Mann–Whitney U-test for clustered data

✍ Scribed by B. Rosner; D. Grove

• Publisher: John Wiley and Sons
• Year: 1999
• Tongue: English
• Weight: 233 KB
• Volume: 18
• Category: Article
• ISSN: 0277-6715
• DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0258(19990615)18:11<1387::aid-sim126>3.0.co;2-v

✦ Synopsis

The Mann}Whitney ;-test is ubiquitous in statistical practice for the comparison of measures of location for two samples where the assumption of normality is questionable. Frequently, one has replicate data for each individual in a group and would like to compare measures of central tendency between groups without assuming normality. For this purpose, we present a generalization of the Mann}Whitney ;-test for clustered data. The test is performed by computing z "(= ! )/ , &N(0, 1) under H

, where = , are the observed and expected Mann}Whitney ;-statistic based on a comparison of all pairs of replicates in the two groups and is the standard deviation of = that is modi"ed to account for clustering e!ects within a cluster. We obtain an explicit variance formula that is a function of four clustering parameters. We validate the properties of the test procedure in a simulation study. We illustrate the methods with an example comparing the baseline Humphrey visual "eld between two treatment groups in a randomized clinical trial of patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP).