In this study, flux, retention, and permeate quality of various nanofiltration and low-pressure reverse osmosis membranes were investigated at two temperatures and by using a low shear (DSS Labstak M20 ® ) and a high shear (CR250/2) filter. The overall aim was to study the suitability of nanofiltrat
Use of analytical pyrolysis for the characterization of paper industry effluents
✍ Scribed by Guido C. Galletti; Paola Bocchini; Angel T. Martinez; JoséM. Pelayo
- Publisher
- Elsevier Science
- Year
- 1996
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 572 KB
- Volume
- 335
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0003-2670
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✦ Synopsis
Pyrolysis/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (PY/GC/MS) was applied to the characterization of paper industry effluents subjected to various treatments, such as ultrafiltration and lignin precipitation. A number of pyrolysis products which can he ascribed to lignin and polysaccharides, as well as nitrogen containing compounds and elemental sulphur (Ss) were identified in the pyrograms. The comparison of the relative distribution of p-hydroxyphenyl (H), guaiacyl (G), syringyl (S) lignin units and polysaccharide markers in the various effluent fractions showed higher contents of polysaccharides and H lignin units in the acid-soluble fractions and in the ultrafiltration permeate, whereas the acid-insoluble fraction and the ultrafiltration concentrate were richer of lignin with G and S monomeric units.
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