Urban Migrants in China

✍ Scribed by Daming Zhou

• Publisher: Springer
• Year: 2023
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 321
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

This book focuses on the background, migration, and settlement of new migrants in China. It also examines the status of their social networks, the role of urban society, social security, and future planning. Based on semi-structured interviews, the book analyzes these aspects of new urban migrants and argues that:

- Intellectual migrants, with their strong educational background, are willing to engage in urbanization and have clear entry strategies.

- Labor migrants find it is challenging for labor migrants to receive the same welfare as citizens and they are subject to significant segregation in urban societies due to existing policies and market economy conditions.

- Operational migrants have stronger settlement and family-oriented tendencies compared to labor migrants.

✦ Table of Contents

Preface
Main Members of the Research Group
Contents
1 Introduction
1.1 Background
1.2 Research Overview
1.2.1 Rural–urban Migration Study Outside China
1.2.2 Domestic Migration and Rural Migrant Study in China
1.3 Two Definition and Approaches on China’s Domestic Migration Research
1.3.1 The Definition and Approach of “Rural Migrant”
1.3.2 3.2. The Definition and Approach of “Urban New Immigrant”.
1.4 Definition of Core Concepts
1.5 Methods
2 Labour Immigrants
2.1 Basic Characteristics
2.2 Livelihood and Financial Balance
2.3 Housing Conditions
2.4 Working Conditions
2.5 Social Welfare and Public Insurance
2.6 Filial Education
2.7 Recreation
2.8 Mental Conditions
3 Intellectual Immigrants
3.1 The Forming of Intellectual Immigrants
3.1.1 The Impact of College Enrolment Expansion
3.1.2 The Impact of Graduate’s Employment Policy Reform
3.2 Livelihood for Intellectual Immigrants
3.2.1 Basics
3.2.2 Livelihood
3.2.3 Financial Balance
3.2.4 Housing
3.2.5 Social Intercourse
3.2.6 Recreation
3.2.7 Social Welfare and Public Insurance
3.2.8 Community Participation
3.2.9 Belongingness
3.3 Group Characteristics of Intellectual Immigrants
3.3.1 The Emergence of a New Group of Highly Qualified Immigrants
3.3.2 Immigrant in the Prime of Life
3.3.3 A Group Emphasis on Schoolmate Relation
3.3.4 A Fashionable Group of Immigrants
3.3.5 A Group of People with High Pressure
4 Comparison on Labour Immigrants, Intellectual Immigrants and Entrepreneurial Immigrants
4.1 Discrepancy on Demographic Characteristic
4.2 Comparison of Willingness to Settle Down
4.3 Comparison of Mobility and Housing Conditions
4.4 Comparison of Working Conditions
4.5 Comparison of Living Conditions
5 The Immigration and Establishment of Urban Immigrants
5.1 The Immigration and Establishment of Intellectual Immigrants
5.1.1 From Graduation to Job Hunting: The Immigration Mode for Intellectual Immigrants
5.1.2 From Employment to Establishment: Key Steps for Urban Adaptation
5.1.3 From Establishment to Getting Married: Immigration and Settlement
5.2 The Immigration and Establishment of Labour Immigrants
5.2.1 Emigration from Rural Areas to Cities
5.2.2 Surviving in the Flow
5.3 The Immigration and Establishment of Entrepreneurial Immigrants
6 The Social Network of Urban Immigrants
6.1 The Social Network of Urban Immigrants: A Quantitative Description Perspective
6.2 The Social Network of Labour Immigrants
6.2.1 Reconstruction of Traditional Relationships
6.2.2 The Outsider in the City
6.2.3 Social Networks in Changing
6.3 The Social Network of Entrepreneurial Immigrants
6.3.1 “Chains of Immigration”: Immigration with Relatives as Mediums
6.3.2 From Wage Earners to Bosses: A Platform for Qualitative Changes of Identity
6.3.3 Morality and Reciprocity: Overall Interests and Individual Interests in Balancing
6.4 The Social Network of Intellectual Immigrants
6.4.1 Job Hunting
6.4.2 Daily Interaction
7 The Identity and Community Life of Urban New Immigrants
7.1 The Identity of Urban Immigrants
7.2 The Community Life of Urban Immigrants
8 The Adaptation and Integration of Urban New Immigrants
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Evaluation Indicator System for Urban Adaptation and Integration of Urban Immigrants
8.3 The Evaluation of the Status Quo of Adaptation and Integration of Urban Immigrants
8.3.1 Focus of Life
8.3.2 The Social Support Network
8.3.3 The Willingness to Long-Term Settlement
8.3.4 The Fight for Equal Rights
8.4 Influencing Factors of Urban Immigrants’ Adaptation and Integration
8.4.1 Overview of Relevant Literature and Theory
8.4.2 Research Methods
8.4.3 Descriptive Statistical Results of Variables
8.4.4 The Regression Model
9 The Social Mobility of Urban New Immigrants
9.1 Research on “Return” for Labour Immigrants
9.1.1 Willingness and Reasons for Returning
9.1.2 Possibility and Realization Ways of Returning Labour Immigrants
9.1.3 Return as a Subjective Choice for Labour Immigrants
9.2 Research on “Job-Hopping” for Labour Immigrants
9.2.1 “Job-Hopping”: A Subjective Action for Labour Immigrants
9.2.2 “Job-Hopping”: A Subjective Strategy for Labour Immigrants
10 Social Security for Urban New Immigrants
10.1 Quantitative Study on Social Security for Urban New Immigrants
10.2 Social Security for Labour Immigrants
10.2.1 Discontinuous Jobs and Fractured Security
10.2.2 Struggling to Settle Down
10.2.3 Utilized Personal Archive
10.2.4 Moral Struggle and Physical Struggle: Strive for Unpaid Wages
10.3 Social Security for Entrepreneurial Immigrants
10.4 Social Security for Intellectual Immigrants
10.4.1 Personal Archive and Household Registration
10.4.2 Settling Household Registration and Urban Resident Identity
11 Summary and Suggestions
11.1 Summary
11.2 Policy Suggestions
11.2.1 Differentiate the Immigration Demarcation, Rather Than Treat the Immigration as One Plate
11.2.2 Focus on Fulfilling the Demands of Urban New Immigrants Who Have Willingness to Settle Down in Cities
11.2.3 Keep Reinforcing the Disciplinary Management on General Migration
11.2.4 The City Identity of New Immigrants Should Be Enhanced and the Harmonious Culture of Diversity Should Be Advocated
11.2.5 Promote Participatory Urban Management and Increase the Social Participation of New Immigrants
11.2.6 Guiding the New Immigrant to Establish Harmonious Social Relations with Local Residents
11.2.7 Gradient Resettlement for New Immigrants
References