Understanding LTE and Its Performance

✍ Scribed by Yahiya, Tara Ali;Yahiya, Tara Ali

• Publisher: Springer-Verlag New York Inc
• Year: 2011
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 266
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

The aim of this book is to provide comprehensive coverage of current state of the art theoretical and technological aspects of broadband mobile and wireless networks focusing on Long Term Evolution Network. The presentation starts from basic principles, and proceeds to the most advanced topics. Provided schemes are developed and oriented in the context of actual closed standards of the IEEE working groups and the 3 GPPP LTE. Also this book will focus on the understanding of the LTE technology as well as the study of its performance in terms of mobility, quality of service, security, resource allocation.

✦ Table of Contents

14.3.2 Mechanism......Page 7
13.7 Simulation Results......Page 9
14.4.2 Mechanism......Page 11
References......Page 13
References......Page 21
Cover......Page 1
13.2 Handover Overview......Page 2
Index......Page 3
13.4 Handover Decision-Based Neyman--Pearson Lemma......Page 5
14.2 Motivation and Proposal Overview......Page 6
Foreword......Page 8
Preface......Page 10
Acknowledgments......Page 12
Contents......Page 14
11.4 Summary and Conclusions......Page 16
14.6.1 Simulation Setup......Page 17
14.6.3 Time Latency......Page 18
14.7 Summary and Conclusions......Page 19
References......Page 20
Acronyms......Page 22
12.2.3 Problem Formulation......Page 4
11.3.4 Fairness and Efficiency......Page 15
Part I Understanding LTE......Page 27
1.1 Mobile Generation Networks......Page 28
1.1.2 Second-Generation Mobile 2G......Page 29
1.1.4 The Path Toward 4G......Page 30
1.2 LTE and Other Broadband Wireless Technologies......Page 32
1.2.1 Mobile WiMAX......Page 33
1.3 Overview of LTE......Page 34
1.3.1 Relevant Features of LTE......Page 35
1.3.2 Relevant Features of LTE-Advanced......Page 37
1.4 Summary and Conclusion......Page 39
2.2 Architecture Reference Model......Page 41
2.2.1 Functional Description of LTE Network......Page 43
2.2.2 Reference Points......Page 46
2.3.1 User Plane......Page 47
2.3.2 Control Plane......Page 50
2.3.3 X2 Interface in User and Control Planes......Page 52
2.4.1 MBMS Service Architecture......Page 53
2.4.2 MBMS Service Deployment......Page 54
2.5 Stream Control Transmission Protocol......Page 56
2.6 Network Discovery and Selection......Page 57
2.7.2 Connection Mobility Control (CMC)......Page 58
2.7.4 Inter-cell Interference Coordination (ICIC)......Page 59
2.8 Authentication and Authorization......Page 60
2.8.1 User Authentication, Key Agreement, and Key Generation......Page 61
2.9 Summary and Conclusions......Page 62
3.1 Layer 2 Design......Page 64
3.2.1 Logical Channels......Page 66
3.2.2 Transport Channels......Page 67
3.2.3 Mapping of Transport Channels to Logical Channels......Page 68
3.2.5 HARQ......Page 69
3.2.6 Buffer Status Reporting......Page 70
3.2.7 Random Access Procedure......Page 71
3.2.8 Scheduling Request......Page 72
3.3.3 Integrity Protection and Verification......Page 74
3.4 RLC Sublayer......Page 75
References......Page 76
4.1.1 Single-Carrier Modulation and Channel Equalization......Page 78
4.1.3 OFDM......Page 82
4.1.4 Link Adaptation......Page 84
4.1.5 Generic Radio Frame Structure......Page 86
4.1.6 Downlink Reference Signals......Page 87
4.1.7 Uplink Reference Signals......Page 88
4.1.8 Downlink Control Channel......Page 90
4.1.9 Uplink Control Channel......Page 91
4.2 MIMO and LTE......Page 92
4.3 MIMO and MRC......Page 93
References......Page 96
Part II LTE Key Features......Page 97
5.1 QoS Mechanisms......Page 98
5.2 QoS Control at Bearer Level......Page 100
5.2.1 QoS Parameters......Page 101
5.2.2 Network Initiation QoS......Page 103
5.3 QoS Control at Service Data Flow Level......Page 105
5.3.1 Policy and Charging Control Rule......Page 106
5.4.1 Session Initiation Protocol......Page 107
5.4.2 Registration and IMS......Page 109
5.4.3 QoS Provisioning and IMS......Page 110
References......Page 111
6 Interworking Design for LTE Convergence......Page 112
6.2 Interworking Scenario......Page 113
6.3.1 Mobile WiMAX and LTE Interworking Architecture......Page 114
6.3.2 WLAN and LTE Interworking......Page 119
6.3.3 Network Discovery and Selection......Page 120
6.4.1 E-UTRAN and HRPD......Page 122
References......Page 125
7.1 Mobility Management......Page 126
7.1.1 Location Management......Page 127
7.2 Mobile IP......Page 129
7.2.1 Registering the Care-of Address......Page 130
7.2.3 Tunneling to the Care-of Address......Page 132
7.3.1 Reverse Tunnels......Page 133
7.4.1 Idle Mode Mobility......Page 134
7.4.2 Active Mode Mobility......Page 135
7.4.3 Handover Using the S1 Interface......Page 140
7.4.4 Inter-MME Handover Using the S1 Interface (Without Changing S-GW)......Page 141
7.5 Inter-RAT Handover: E-UTRAN to UTRAN Iu Mode......Page 143
7.6 Summary and Conclusions......Page 145
References......Page 146
8 LTE and Femtocell......Page 147
8.1 Behind Femtocell Emergence......Page 148
8.2 Femtocell Technology......Page 149
8.3.2 Operator Benefits......Page 150
8.4.1 LTE Femtocell Architecture......Page 151
8.5.1 Scenario 1......Page 152
8.5.2 Scenario 2......Page 153
8.6.1 CSG Concept......Page 154
8.6.2 Physical Cell Identity......Page 155
8.7.1 Interference......Page 156
8.7.3 Access Mode Impact......Page 157
8.7.4 Security and Privacy Challenges......Page 158
8.7.6 Mobility......Page 160
References......Page 162
Part III LTE Performance......Page 164
9 Downlink Radio Resource Allocation Strategies in LTE Networks......Page 165
9.1 An Overview of Resource Allocation Techniques in OFDMA Systems......Page 166
9.2 System Model......Page 167
9.3.1 OFDMA Slot Structure in LTE Generic Frame......Page 168
9.3.2 Adaptive Modulation and Coding......Page 169
9.3.3 Multiuser Diversity......Page 170
9.4 Proposed Radio Resource Allocation Strategies......Page 172
9.4.1 Problem Formulation......Page 173
9.4.2 Adaptive Slot Allocation (ASA) Algorithm......Page 174
9.4.3 Reservation-Based Slot Allocation (RSA) Algorithm......Page 175
9.5.1 Simulation Parameters......Page 177
9.5.2 Simulation Results......Page 178
References......Page 182
10.1 Introduction......Page 184
10.2 Downlink System Model......Page 185
10.3.1 Proportional Fairness (PF)......Page 186
10.3.3 Exponential Proportional Fairness (EXP/PF)......Page 187
10.5 Traffic Model......Page 188
10.6.2 Delay......Page 189
10.6.3 Throughput......Page 192
10.6.5 Cell Spectral Efficiency......Page 195
References......Page 197
11.1 Channel-Based Scheduling Solutions......Page 198
11.1.2 Exponential (EXP) Algorithm......Page 199
11.1.4 Maximum Fairness (MF) Algorithm......Page 200
11.2.1 System Model......Page 201
11.2.2 Channel-Aware Class-Based Queue (CACBQ) Framework......Page 202
11.3.1 Simulation Environment......Page 206
11.3.3 Simulation Results......Page 207
11.3.4 Fairness and Efficiency......Page 212
11.4 Summary and Conclusions......Page 213
References......Page 214
12.1 Introduction......Page 215
12.2.1 Radio Resource Allocation Model......Page 216
12.2.2 Link Model......Page 217
12.2.3 Problem Formulation......Page 218
12.3.1 Resource Allocation at RRC......Page 219
12.4.1 Simulation Environment......Page 221
12.4.2 Simulation Results......Page 222
12.5 Summary and Conclusions......Page 226
13.1 Introduction......Page 227
13.2 Handover Overview......Page 228
13.3 Mobile WiMAX and LTE Interworking Architecture......Page 229
13.4 Handover Decision-Based Neyman--Pearson Lemma......Page 231
13.5 Handover Execution Based on FMIPv6......Page 233
13.6.1 Scenario 1......Page 234
13.6.3 Scenario 3......Page 235
13.8 Summary and Conclusions......Page 238
References......Page 239
14.1 Introduction......Page 241
14.1.1 Handover Management......Page 243
14.2 Motivation and Proposal Overview......Page 246
14.3.1 System Architecture Design......Page 247
14.4.1 System Architecture Design......Page 250
14.4.2 Mechanism......Page 251
14.5.1 Time Response......Page 254
14.6.1 Simulation Setup......Page 257
14.6.2 Accuracy Analysis......Page 258
14.7 Summary and Conclusions......Page 259
References......Page 260
Appendix A LTE Operators......Page 261
Index......Page 263