Abstract
Flow cytometry indicated that significant amounts of dsRNA were accumulated in HeLa S3 cells blocked at or near G~1~/S boundary by hydroxyurea (HU) or excess thymidine (TdR). The dsRNA/DNA ratio increased in these cells in a manner characteristic of unbalanced cell growth. In HUβtreated cells, dsRNA content was maximal 16 hours after addition of the drug and did not change significantly during the next 24 hours. The DNA content in blocked cells increased by 10%. Cell viability assessed by colony formation in soft agar decreased exponentially in HUβtreated cultures after 16 hours of incubation. Correlation between loss of cell viability and rate of cell proliferation after removal of HU was observed, as determined by cell count and analysis of cell cycle progression. In TdRβtreated cultures cells slowly progressed into mid Sβphase during 40 hours and dsRNA accumulation continued during this period. Cell viability was not significantly affected by treatment with excess TdR, indicating that unbalanced growth per se, as measured by dsRNA accumulation, is not lethal for the cells. After reversal of DNA synthesis inhibition by removal of the drug, cells treated with HU for 16 hours or TdR for 16β24 hours promptly progressed through the cell cycle. This progression was accompanied by accumulation of significant amounts of dsRNA. As a result, cells in G~2~ phase had a very high dsRNA content leading to retention of the unbalanced condition (increased dsRNA/DNA ratio) in the daughter cells. It is suggested that dsRNA accumulation in the cell is controlled to a certain degree by cell progression through the S phase. This type of control, evidently, was reflected in limited dsRNA accumulation in the cells blocked at or near G~1~/S border, in continuous dsRNA accumulation in the cells slowly progressing through S phase, and in accumulation of large amounts of dsRNA after renewal of progression through the S phase.