Ultrasonic mensuration of fetal limb bones in the second and third trimesters

✍ Scribed by Eberhard Merz; Mi-Sook Kim-Kern; Stephanie Pehl

• Publisher: John Wiley and Sons
• Year: 1987
• Tongue: English
• Weight: 671 KB
• Volume: 15
• Category: Article
• ISSN: 0091-2751
• DOI: 10.1002/jcu.1870150305

✦ Synopsis

Growth of fetal limb bones has been examined in a prospective crosssectional study in 530 patients between 13 and 42 weeks of gestation by ultrasound. The length of the femur, tibia, humerus, and radius were measured in all cases, and fibula and ulna in 393 cases. For each week of gestation mean lengths ( & 2 standard deviations) were calculated. All limb bones showed linear growth from 13 weeks to 25 weeks of gestation, after which the growth curve appeared nonlinear. A strong linear relationship (r > 0.98) between the BPD and bone length was found for each bone. In five aborted fetuses, prenatal sonographic measurements of the ossified diaphyses were compared with the postnatal radiologic measurement (30 limb bones). A good agreement was found (difference between ultrasound and X-ray measurements 0.7 & 0.5 [SD] mm or 3.0 & 2.4 [SD]%), indicating that ultrasound images the ossified diaphysis. Indexing Words: Fetus -Ultrasound -Limb bone measurement -Length of diaphyses Measurement of fetal limb bones not only enables detection of several skeletal dysplasias such as short-limb dwarfism or limb reduction a b n ~r m a l i t i e s ~, ~. ~~, ~~

but also can be helpful in the detection of abnormal g r ~w t h , ~, ~~ in the evaluation of gestational age, 9J9,24,29,30,33,35 and in estimation of fetal ~e i g h t . ' ~J ~* ~~ Additionally, fetal limb length can be used in determinating the time of intrauterine death, in the detection of chromosomal aberrations,ll and, by comparison to the biparietal diameter or the head circumference, in detecting microcephaly. l5