✍ Scribed by Valeria Resta;
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
This book examines the processes of transition from authoritarian rule in Tunisia and Egypt between 2011 and 2014, arguing that differences between the two countries can be explained by the conduct of their respective political parties.
Cover
Half Title
Series Page
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
List of Figures
List of Tables
Acknowledgments
Introduction
A True Story
A Set of Puzzlements
The Argument
Contributions
References
1 Charting Different Transitions: Tunisia and Egypt Compared
Tunisia
The ‘Deep State’ Tries to Control the Transition
The ‘Tabula Rasa’
Establishing the ‘Rules of the Game’: From the ANC to the National Dialogue
Egypt
The SCAF Controls the Transition
Writing the Constitution: Parliament’s Dialogue of the Deaf
From the Intra-Parliamentary to the Inter-Institutional Conflict
A Matter of Political Parties?
Notes
References
2 Demand of Representation, Power Resources, and Parties’ Agency: Political Parties in Transition Processes
Locating Political Parties in Transition Processes: Defining Installations
The Necessity of Installations
Determinants of Installations
A Model for Parties’ Agency within Installations
Pre-existing Social Divisions
Institutional Incentives
Choices Parties Define
The Invisible hand of Upgraded Autocracies on Parties’ Strategies
Previous Opportunity Structures and Transitional Party Advantage
Political Learning and Transitional Party Systems’ Polarization
References
3 Homogeneous vs. Divided Societies? Analyzing the Demand of Representation
2011–2 Founding Elections: Transitional Challenges Stemming from the Emergence of two Imagined Communities
Islamists vs. Secularists and the Need for Pre-constitutional Consensus
Why does the Religious Divide Matter? Substance vs. Form
Hypothesizing the Origins of the Islamist/Secular Divide and its Consequences for Democratic Installations
The Political Sociology Approach
Post-Independence State Building Strategies and National Fractures
Data Collection, Measures, and Methodology
How Divided?
Egypt
Tunisia
The Importance of Organizational Intermediaries
Notes
References
4 Unfair Patterns of Competition and Transitional Parties’ Power Resources
From Leftist Protests to Islamist Dominance: Explaining the Gap of the Founding Elections
Blame the Founding Electoral Systems?
The Tunisian Electoral System
The Egyptian Electoral System
The Double Standard: Patterns of Competition between Leftists and Islamists before the Arab Spring
Leftist and Islamist Oppositions in Authoritarian Egypt
Leftist and Islamist Oppositions in Authoritarian Tunisia
Islamists’ Supremacy after the Arab Spring: Organizational Advantages and Reputation
Authoritarian Repression and Transitional Parties’ Organizational Advantages
Divided Structures of Competition and Transitional Parties’ Reputation
Shape and Reasons of the 2011 Electoral gap Awarding Islamist Parties
Notes
References
5 Authoritarian Learning and Transitional Party Systems’ Politicking
The Religious Divide and Polarization Parties Work Out
The Pernicious Effects of Polarization within Installations
Parties as Countervailing Mechanisms to Polarization?
Party Systems Polarization in 2011 Tunisia and Egypt
Locating Parties on a Political Space
Measuring Polarization in 2011/2012 Tunisia and Egypt
A matter of Polarization?
Parties’ Structuring Politics: The Importance of the Past
Formal Structures, Political Learning, and Polarization
Beyond mere Configurational Explanations: Political center and Polarization
Divided they Stood, Divided they Failed
Coalition-Building in Tunisia
Coalition-Building in Egypt
Common Destiny of Repression, Incentives for Joining Forces, and the Resolution of the Commitment Problem
Notes
References
Conclusions
References
Appendix
Index
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This book examines the processes of transition from authoritarian rule in Tunisia and Egypt between 2011 and 2014, arguing that differences between the two countries can be explained by the conduct of their respective political parties.
<div>Post-revolution states often find that once a transition process begins, challenges can arise, such as political polarization and the threat of civil war. A respected commentator on Middle Eastern politics, Ibrahim Fraihat compares three countries grappling with political transitions in the wak
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