Transitions from School to Work: Globalization, Individualization, and Patterns of Diversity (The Jacobs Foundation Series on Adolescence)

✍ Scribed by Ingrid Schoon, Rainer K. Silbereisen

• Year: 2009
• Tongue: English
• Leaves: 410
• Edition: 1
• Category: Library

✦ Synopsis

This volume makes an important contribution to the growing literature on the transition from school to work. It provides a unique perspective on the global changes that have transformed school-to-work transitions since the 1970s; offers an integrative conceptual framework for analysis; and promotes a comparative, cross-national understanding of school-to-work transitions in a changing social context. The articles assembled in this volume compare and assess variations in school-to-work transitions across Europe and North America, providing empirical evidence on how young people negotiate the different options and opportunities available and assessing the costs and returns associated with different transition strategies. Unlike many other volumes on this subject - which are pitched at either the macro or micro level - this volume attempts to integrate both perspectives, capturing the complexity of this critical life course transition. Furthermore, the authors address policies aimed at improving the capacity of individuals to make effective transitions and at enabling societies to better coordinate educational and occupational institutions.

✦ Table of Contents

Half-title......Page 3
Series-title......Page 5
Title......Page 7
Copyright......Page 8
Dedication......Page 9
Contents......Page 11
List of Illustrations......Page 13
List of Tables......Page 15
Contributors......Page 19
Acknowledgments......Page 21
I INTRODUCTION......Page 23
Introduction......Page 25
Towards a Unifying Framework for the Study of Transitions in Times of Social Change......Page 27
Organisation of the Book......Page 32
Outline of the Chapters......Page 33
Conclusions......Page 45
REFERENCES......Page 49
2 Thinking about the Transition to Adulthood: From Grand Narratives to Useful Theories......Page 52
Grand Narratives and Diversity Lost......Page 53
Emerging Adulthood as a Grand Narrative......Page 54
Retroductive......Page 59
Psychologically Functional......Page 60
Concluding Remarks......Page 61
REFERENCES......Page 62
II TRANSITIONS AND GLOBAL CHANGE......Page 65
3 Is Stable Employment Becoming More Elusive for Young Men?......Page 67
Background......Page 68
CPS Sample and Definitions......Page 71
CPS Results......Page 72
The PSID Results......Page 80
Discussion......Page 82
Conclusion: Implications for Public Policy......Page 83
REFERENCES......Page 85
Introduction......Page 89
The Pattern of Youth Outcomes in Countries’ Labour Markets......Page 92
Economics......Page 93
Statistics......Page 95
Graphical Non-parametric Analysis......Page 96
Econometric Analysis: Results......Page 102
Conclusions......Page 110
Variables......Page 112
REFERENCES......Page 114
Introduction......Page 117
Globalization and Increasing Uncertainty......Page 118
Globalization and Institutional Filters......Page 121
Employment Relations......Page 122
Educational Systems......Page 123
Welfare Regimes and the Family......Page 124
Micro-Level Response to Increasing Uncertainty......Page 127
Uncertainty in the Transition to Adulthood......Page 128
The Emergence of Uncertainty......Page 130
Consequences of Uncertainty for Family Formation......Page 132
REFERENCES......Page 135
III INDIVIDUAL DECISION MAKING......Page 141
Introduction......Page 143
Destandardisation of Youth Transitions: From Linear Passages to Yo-Yo Movements......Page 145
Excursus: Motivational Careers in Biographical Transitions......Page 147
Agency and Biographical Dilemmas in Destandardised Transitions......Page 150
Varying Scopes for Biographical Agency in Different Transition Regimes Across Europe......Page 153
Conclusions......Page 162
REFERENCES......Page 163
Introduction......Page 167
The Data......Page 169
The Changing Framework of Support......Page 170
Legal Frameworks of Parental Responsibility......Page 171
The Central Paradox of Support......Page 173
Social-Class Differences......Page 174
The Problem of Rational Action......Page 175
Tradition......Page 177
Reciprocity......Page 178
Fairness......Page 179
Legitimacy......Page 180
Mobilising and Accessing Economic Capital......Page 181
Policy Implications......Page 183
REFERENCES......Page 184
8 Job Attitudes and Job Aspirations in a Changing Labor Market: Germany, 1991–2006......Page 187
The German Labor Market, 1991–2006......Page 188
Theoretical Background......Page 192
Data and Variables......Page 195
What Jobs Do People Want?......Page 197
What Jobs Do People Get?......Page 202
The Impact of Job Security and Job Interest on Job Attitudes......Page 205
Conclusion......Page 209
REFERENCES......Page 213
Introduction......Page 215
The Career-Choice Process in the Context of the Swiss Educational System and Labor Market......Page 216
Gender Stereotypes and Occupational Stereotypes......Page 218
Socialization Experiences, Parental Support, and Role Models......Page 219
Competencies and School Tracks......Page 220
Ability Beliefs, Values, and Goals......Page 221
Data and Methods......Page 222
Results......Page 225
Fifteen-Year-Old Girls’ Occupational Aspirations......Page 227
Twenty-One-Year-Old Womens Occupational Training or Job......Page 229
Conclusions......Page 232
REFERENCES......Page 234
IV MAPPING DIVERSITY AND CHANGE......Page 239
10 Sequences, Patterns, and Variations in the Assumption of Work and Family-Related Roles: Evidence from Two British Birth Cohorts......Page 241
Conceptualising Transitions Within a Life-Course Perspective......Page 242
Transitions in Context......Page 243
Methodological Challenges......Page 244
Mapping Transitions over Time: Application of Sequence Analysis......Page 245
Typology of Transition Pathways Between Ages Sixteen and Twenty-Nine......Page 246
Outcomes of Transition Pathways: The Work–Family Nexus......Page 250
Typology of Role Combinations in the Early Thirties......Page 252
Linking Transition Pathways to Work- and Family-Related Role Combinations......Page 255
Conclusion......Page 259
REFERENCES......Page 262
Primary Domains of Functioning During Late Adolescence......Page 265
Functioning Across Domains in Late Adolescence......Page 267
What Indicates the Transition to Adulthood?......Page 268
Description of Larger Study and Sample......Page 269
Measuring Competence in the Five Domains at Age Eighteen......Page 270
Psychological Variables......Page 272
Analyses......Page 273
Derivation and Replication of Profiles of Competence......Page 274
Exploring the Relationships of Cluster-Group Membership to Educational and Occupational Outcomes......Page 276
Exploring Relationships Between Cluster Membership and Family Outcomes......Page 278
Discussion......Page 279
Cluster Membership and Academic and Work Transitions......Page 280
Cluster Membership and Family Transitions......Page 281
REFERENCES......Page 283
12 Challenges of Transitioning into Adulthood......Page 287
High School “Work” Experiences and the Foreshadowing of Occupational Choices......Page 289
Studying the Meaning of Work Among Adolescents......Page 290
School Selections......Page 291
Student Sample......Page 292
Instrumentation......Page 293
Identifying Workers, Players, Idlers, and Strategists......Page 294
Time Spent Among the Four Groups......Page 295
Where Does the Time Go? Idlers and Players......Page 296
Idlers......Page 297
Players......Page 299
Working Hard......Page 303
Lessening the Odds: Strategists and Work......Page 306
Concluding Reflections on Being an Idler, Player, Worker, and Strategist......Page 309
REFERENCES......Page 310
V INTERVENTIONS AND POLICIES......Page 313
13 School-Related Burnout During Educational Tracks: Antecedents and Consequences......Page 315
Schooling in Finland......Page 316
School Burnout and Maladjustment at School......Page 317
The Roles of Gender and Academic Achievement in School Burnout......Page 318
The Role of Achievement Motivation for School Burnout......Page 319
The Role of Peers in School-Related Burnout......Page 321
The Role of School in School Burnout......Page 322
Educational Track and School Burnout......Page 323
Promoting the Transition from Comprehensive School......Page 326
Conclusion......Page 328
REFERENCES......Page 330
Introduction......Page 334
Theoretical Models and Predictors of Successful School-to-Work Transition and Positive Career Development......Page 335
Career Education in School Context......Page 340
Current State of School-Based Career Development Interventions......Page 341
The Usefulness of the Life-Skills Approach in Career Education......Page 344
An Example: The School-Based Life Skills Program IPSY......Page 345
Integration......Page 347
REFERENCES......Page 349
Introduction......Page 353
New Learners in Old Schools......Page 354
The Established and the Outsiders......Page 360
New Families in Aging Societies......Page 364
New Transition Policies for Young Europeans......Page 367
REFERENCES......Page 370
Introduction......Page 374
Forces Shaping the Future World of Work......Page 375
On the Supply Side......Page 376
On the Demand Side......Page 388
Decentralization and Alternative Work Arrangements......Page 396
Emphasis on Skill, but Growth in Low-Skill Jobs Too......Page 397
Workers Will Bear More Risks......Page 400
Uncertainties and Opportunities in the School-to-Work Transition......Page 401
REFERENCES......Page 404
Index......Page 407