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Transition-Metal-Based Lewis Acid Catalysis of Aza-Type Michael Additions of Amines to α,β-Unsaturated Electrophiles in Water

✍ Scribed by Li-Wen Xu; Lyi Li; Chun-Gu Xia

Publisher: John Wiley and Sons
Year: 2004
Tongue: German
Weight: 69 KB
Volume: 87
Category: Article
ISSN: 0018-019X
DOI: 10.1002/hlca.200490139

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✦ Synopsis

Several transition-metal-based Lewis acid catalysts, especially FeCl 3 ¥ 7 H 2 O, CrCl 3 ¥ 6 H 2 O, and SnCl 4 ¥ 4 H 2 O, were shown to be highly effective for aza-type Michael reactions between electrophilic a,b-unsaturated compounds and both aliphatic and aromatic amines in aqueous solution. Advantages of the new protocol include 1) high-yielding reactions that can be conducted at ambient temperature; 2) the use of inexpensive, stable transition-metal salts as catalysts; and 3) plain H 2 O as an environmentally benign solvent.

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