Transforming growth factor-beta and fibroblast growth factor act synergistically to inhibit collagen II synthesis through a mechanism involving regulatory DNA sequences
✍ Scribed by Walter E. Horton Jr.; Jill D. Higginbotham; Srinivasan Chandrasekhar
- Publisher
- John Wiley and Sons
- Year
- 1989
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 1000 KB
- Volume
- 141
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0021-9541
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
✦ Synopsis
Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-P) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) are two growth factors that will modulate chondrocyte growth and matrix synthesis.
Here we report that these two growth factors act in a synergistic fashion to suppress the synthesis of type II collagen by embryonic chicken sternal chondrocytes. Treatment of chondrocytes with 20 ngiml TGF-p or 100 ngiml FGF (acidic or basic) results in a 60-70% suppression of expression of the pro a1 chain of type II collagen. By comparison, when chondrocytes are exposed to a combination of 1 ngiml TGF-(3 and 10 ngiml FGF, a complete suppression of type II collagen synthesis was observed. Epidermal growth factor (ELF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), or insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) produce no suppression of synthesis either individually or in combination with TGF-P. The decreased expression of the protein results from a decrease in the steady-state level of the mRNA transcript coding for type II procollagen, as indicated by a northern analysis. Finally, chondrocytes transfected with a plasmid carrying the CAT gene driven by the collagen II promoterienhancer sequence displayed high levels of CAT activity when cultured in control media, but treatment of the cells with a combination of the two growth factors resulted in a dramatic reduction of CAT activity, indicating diminished promoter activity. These results suggest that both TGF-P and FCF can down-regulate transcription of the collagen II gene through regulatory DNA sequences in the promoter and/or enhancer region. In addition, the finding of synergy suggests that these two growth factors may act through different pathways.