On thermal quantities, papers covered precise determination of the boiling point of liquid oxygen, and the triple point of hydrogen (Barker); further performance details for the pyre-electric effect of ceramic piezoelectrics (Perls), with microsecond response, those detectors combined as indicators of heat flux from explosions or laser pulses. Haas, Muller, and Schley and Tingwaldt all reported on non-contacting devices and techniques.
Kandiba discussed an ingenuous photoelectric modulation pyrometer of his design, in which piezo-electric (barium titanat) drives one mirror of a Fabry-Perot interferometer to scan selected spectral lines and portrays their shape and width on an oscilloscope or recorder. Accuracy of about 1.5 per cent in the range 3000-6000°C is claimed. This was a remarkably clear example of a Soviet lead. The reviewer witnessed this in Kandiba's laboratory in Kharkov; the design and construction deserve the term "elegant" in the mathematical sense of rigor, economy, appropriateness. The ionizing radiation papers include a report by Ramthun on a microcalorimeter sensitive to 10 -8 watts, accuracy estinmte 10 -7 watts, balancing radioactive heat against Joule heating. Yaritzina reports on methods used at the Mendeleev Institute of Metrology in the international comparison of measurements on a Canadian standard neutron source (accuracy estimates 2-3 per cent) ; and Bartoli thoroughly discusses sources of error in the free air ionization chamber for absolute measurement of X-ray dose developed at the Institute Superiore di Sanita.
Volume IV contains a paper ou "Frontiers in Applied Aerospace Metrology," discussed by H. N. Norton, where nothing very startling was reported. N. J. Christiakov's address on "Instruments for Space Communication," gives a broad summary of techniques, problems and successes in this area.
Other addresses were given by Nobelist H. Theorell, "The Development of Instrument and Measurement Technique Within the Field of Protein Structure"; W. Engl, 'Practical Limits of Measuring Direct Current and Voltage"; W. A. Wildhack, "Accur'~cy of Measurement Standards"; and welcoming • rod closing remarks by Gyorgy Striker. University and technical libraries, instrument mamifacturers, and instrument research and development organizations will find these volumes a worthwhile accession.