Toxicokinetic-toxicodynamic modeling of quantal and graded sublethal endpoints: A brief discussion of concepts
✍ Scribed by Roman Ashauer; Annika Agatz; Carlo Albert; Virginie Ducrot; Nika Galic; Jan Hendriks; Tjalling Jager; Andreas Kretschmann; Isabel O'Connor; Mascha Nadine Rubach; Anna-Maija Nyman; Walter Schmitt; Julita Stadnicka; Paul J. van den Brink; Thomas G. Preuss
- Publisher
- John Wiley and Sons
- Year
- 2011
- Tongue
- English
- Weight
- 112 KB
- Volume
- 30
- Category
- Article
- ISSN
- 0730-7268
- DOI
- 10.1002/etc.639
No coin nor oath required. For personal study only.
✦ Synopsis
Abstract
We report on the advantages and problems of using toxicokinetic‐toxicodynamic (TKTD) models for the analysis, understanding, and simulation of sublethal effects. Only a few toxicodynamic approaches for sublethal effects are available. These differ in their effect mechanism and emphasis on linkages between endpoints. We discuss how the distinction between quantal and graded endpoints and the type of linkage between endpoints can guide model design and selection. Strengths and limitations of two main approaches and possible ways forward are outlined. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011;30:2519–2524. © 2011 SETAC