Table of Contents
Contributors
Acknowledgments
Introduction: Linguistic Perceptions Among Spanish Speakers on the Pathway to a Deeper Understanding of the Role of the Study of Linguistic Perceptions • Luis Alfredo Ortiz-López and Eva-María Suárez Büdenbender
Structure of the Volume
Part I: Topics of Regional Language Variation and Change
Part 2: Questions of Language and Migrant Identities
Part 3: Topics Related to Language Contact Phenomena
Impact of the Volume
References
Part I: Perceptions of regional language variation and change
1 “No Me Molesta Que Se Coman Las /s/”: A Production and Attitudes Analysis of Coda /s/ in Puerto Rican Spanish • Gibran Delgado-Díaz, Iraida Galarza, and Manuel Díaz-Campos
Introduction
Previous Investigations on Coda /s/
Coda /s/ in Puerto Rican Spanish
Attitudes Towards /s/ Variants
Social Meanings Attributed to /s/ in Puerto Rico
The Study
Research Questions
Methodology
Results
Discussion
Conclusions
Notes
References
2 The Perception of Coda Liquids in Dominican Spanish: Geographic and Social Variation • Erik W. Willis and Manuel Díaz-Campos
Introduction
Previous Literature
Liquids in Dominican Spanish
Sociolinguistic Approaches to Dialectal Variation
Membership
Perceptual Dialectology
Summary
Methodology
Informants
Stimuli Association Task
Task Method
Results
Vocalization and Rhotacization of /l/
Vocalization and Lambdacism of /./-> [i]. or [l]
Ultracorrection of Glide to [ɾ]
Discussion
RQ1: Dialectal Association of Liquid Variants
RQ 2: Coda Liquid Variants That Most Strongly Index Regional Varieties
Conclusion
Notes
References
3 Dialectal Contact in the Caribbean: Dominican Perceptions of the Domi-Rican Continuum • Luis Alfredo Ortiz-López, Eva-María Suárez Büdenbender, and Cristina Martínez-Pedraza
Introduction
The Sociolinguistic Background
Linguistic Differences Between Puerto Rican and Dominican Spanish
The Study
Participants
The Guise Stimuli
The Verbal Guise Evaluators
Instruments and Procedure
Codification and Type of Analysis
Results and Discussion
Metalinguistic Factors
Evaluations of Perceived Phenotype
Social Factors
Perceptions of Psychological Attributes
Conclusions
Notes
References
4 Sociophonetic Perceptions in Andalusian Spanish: The Case of Sibilants in Seville, Jerez, and Cordoba • Jannis Harjus
Introduction
Perceptual Variety Linguistics
Tasks of this Study
The State of the Art
Spanish in Andalusia
Sibilants in Andalusia
The (Possible) Andalusian Regional Standard
Corpus Formation and Methodologies
Speakers’ Abstract Representations and Linguistic Attitudes
Voice Samples for the Analysis of Concrete Perceptions
Corpus
Sociophonetic Perceptions of Andalusian Speakers
Abstract Representations and Linguistic Attitudes
Abstract Representations
Linguistic Attitudes
Concrete Perceptions
Voice Sample A
Voice Sample B
Voice Sample C
Voice Sample D
Voice Sample E
The Non-Existence of an Andalusian Regional Standard
Conclusions
References
5 Differing Effects of Speaker and Listener Characteristics on the Social Perception of Two Traditional Andalusian Features Undergoing Dialect Leveling• Brendan Regan
Introduction
Background Literature
Coronal Fricative Variation: Ceceo, Seseo, and Distinción
/tʃ/ Variation
Previous Social Perception Studies
Speech Communities
Methods
Stimuli and Experimental Design
Implementation and Procedure
Dependent and Independent Variables
Statistical Analysis
Results
Perceived Socioeconomic Level
Perceived Urban-Ness
Discussion and Conclusion
Acknowledgments
Notes
References
Part II: Perceptions of language and migrant identities
6 Perceptions of Ethnic Difference in a Transnational Context: A Case Study From the Batey Alejandro Bass (Dominican Republic) • Silke Jansen
The Dominican Bateyes
Study Site, Data, and Approach
Analyzing Perceptions of Ethnic Difference in the Batey Alejandro Bass: Dominicano and Haitiano as Focal Categories
Social Deixis and Pragmatic Functions of Ethnic Terms
Metaphors of Ethnic Difference
Attitudes Towards the In- and Outgroup
Conclusion
Notes
References
7 Mexicans’ and Mexican-Americans’ Perceptions of Themselves and Each Other: Attitudes Toward Language and Community • Whitney Chappell
Introduction
Literature Review
A Brief Introduction to Identity and Sense of Self in Hispanic Communities
Mexican and Mexican-American Spanish Speakers’ Group Evaluations
Methodology
Analysis
Mexican Listeners’ Evaluations of Mexican Spanish Speakers
(i) Mexican Listeners’ Comments About Mexican Speakers’ Place of Origin and Dialect
(ii) Mexican Listeners’ Comments About Mexican Speakers’ Status and Occupation
(iii) Mexican Listeners’ Comments About Mexican Speakers’ Personal Qualities
Mexican Listeners’ Evaluations of U.S.-Born Spanish Speakers
(i) Mexican Listeners’ Comments About the U.S.-Born Speakers’ Spanish Proficiency
(ii) Mexican Listeners’ Comments About the U.S.-Born Speakers’ Place of Origin and Languages/dialects Spoken
(iii) Mexican Listeners’ Comments About the U.S.-Born Speakers’ Status or Occupation
(iv) Mexican Listeners’ Comments About the U.S.-Born Speakers’ Personal Qualities
U.S.-born Listeners’ Evaluations of Mexican Spanish Speakers
(i) U.S.-Born Listeners’ Comments About Mexican Speakers’ Spanish Proficiency
(ii) U.S.-Born Listeners’ Comments About Mexican Speakers’ Origin and Dialects/languages
(iii) U.S.-Born Listeners’ Comments About Mexican Speakers’ Personal Qualities
(iv) U.S.-Born Listeners’ Comments About Mexican Speakers’ Relationships to the Listener
U.S.-born Listeners’ Evaluations of U.S.-Born Spanish Speakers
(i) U.S.-Born Listeners’ Comments About U.S.-Born Speakers’ Spanish Proficiency
(ii) U.S.-Born Listeners’ Comments About U.S.-Born Speakers’ Origin and Languages/dialects
(iii) U.S.-Born Listeners’ Comments About U.S.-Born Speakers’ Personal Qualities
(iv) U.S.-Born Listeners’ Comments About U.S.-Born Speakers’ Possible Relationships to the Listener
Discussion
Conclusion
Notes
References
8 The Effects of Immigration and Transnationalism on Language Regard • Gabriela G. Alfaraz
Introduction
Transnationalism
Language Regard and Correctness
Study Design
Regard for Correctness: Results and Discussion
Cubans, Dominicans, and Puerto Ricans
Colombians, Mexicans, and Venezuelans
Discussion: Regard for Correctness
Transnationalism and Regard for Correctness: Results and Discussion
Transnationalism
Cubans, Dominicans, and Puerto Ricans By Transnationalism
Colombians, Mexicans, and Venezuelans By Transnationalism
Discussion: Transnationalism and Regard for Correctness
Conclusion
References
Part III: Perceptions related to language contact phenomena
9 L2-English Learners’ Attitudes Towards Spanish, English, and Spanish-English Codeswitching in Puerto Rico • Rosa E. Guzzardo Tamargo, Verónica Loureiro-Rodríguez, Elif Fidan Acar, and Emmanuel Pantoja Morán
Introduction
Language Attitudes
Learners’ Attitudes Towards Spanish and English in Puerto Rico
The Present Study
Methodology
Materials and Procedure
Participants
Results
Statistical Analyses
Personality Attributes
Engreída ‘Conceited’
Geek
Simpática ‘Kind’
Joven ‘Young’
Socio-economic Attributes
Culta ‘Cultured’
De Clase Social Alta ‘From a High Socio-Economic Class’
De Clase Social Baja ‘From a Low Socio-Economic Class’
De Colegio Privado ‘From a Private School’
Del Área Metropolitana ‘From the City’
Del Campo ‘From the Countryside’
Ethnicity/identity Attributes
Bilingüe ‘Bilingual’
Estadista (Person Who Favors the Political Party That Endorses PR as the 51st U.S. State)
Nuyorican (Person Who Belongs to the PRican Diaspora in or Around New York City)
Boricua De Pura Cepa ‘True PRican’
Blanca ‘White’
Discussion
Conclusion
References
10 Sociophonetic Perception Towards English Loanwords in Puerto Rican Spanish • Luis Alfredo Ortiz-López and Hernán Rosario
Introduction
Adaptation or Accommodation of ELs and Sociophonetic Perception
The Study
Participants
Instrument
Procedure
Data Codification and Analysis
Results
Metalinguistic
Perception of Dialect
Correction and Formality
Bilingualism
Ethno-social Perceptions
Skin Color
Identity
Socioeconomic Class
Geographic Area
Psychological Perceptions
Discussion and Conclusions
References
11 “Para Mí, Es Indígena Con Traje Típico”: Apocope as an Indexical Marker of Indigeneity in Guatemalan Spanish • Brandon O. Baird
Introduction
Methods
Results
Discussion and Conclusions
Appendix 11.1
Appendix 11.2
Notes
References
Index