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Toll-like receptor expression in smokers with and without COPD

✍ Scribed by Ida von Scheele; Kjell Larsson; Barbro Dahlén; Bo Billing; Maria Skedinger; Ann-Sofie Lantz; Lena Palmberg


Book ID
116872994
Publisher
Elsevier Science
Year
2011
Tongue
English
Weight
728 KB
Volume
105
Category
Article
ISSN
0954-6111

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## Abstract Toll‐like receptors comprise a family of evolutionary conserved pattern recognition receptors that act as a first defense line in the innate immune system. Upon stimulation with microbial ligands, they orchestrate the induction of a host defense response by activating different signalin